Study on the associations of body mass index in maternal pre-pregnancy and gestational weight gain with early childhood asthma

doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2020-0099

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the associations of body mass index (BMI) in maternal pre-pregnancy and gestational weight gain with early childhood asthma. Methods A total of 170 women born in the Third Hospital of Xi′an from January 2014 to January 2016 were enrolled.According to the pre-pregnancy BMI,the participants were divided into normal body mass group (control group,n=88) and obesity group (n=82).Pre-pregnancy BMI,gestational weight gain and neonatal status were recorded for statistical analysis.Regular follow-ups were conducted every year and the incidence of asthma in children was compared. Results 1) Compared with control group,the proportion of normal weight gain during pregnancy was significantly lower in the obese group,and the proportion of excessive weight gain was significantly increased (χ²=12.61,16.94,P<0.01).2) Compared with control group,the cesarean section rate,the proportion of giant children and the neonatal BMI significantly increased in the obese group (P<0.05).3) Compared with control group,the total incidence of asthma was significantly higher in the obese group than in the control group,and the incidence of asthma in children whose mother with excessive weight gain in the obese group was significantly higher(χ²=5.725,5.067,P<0.05). Conclusions Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain are risk factors for asthma in children,which are also the main reasons of increase in cesarean section and the proportion of macrosomia.Reasonable control of pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy is beneficial to improving pregnancy outcome and effective control of the incidence of childhood asthma.

Key words: pre-pregnancy body mass index, gestational weight gain, pregnancy outcome, childhood asthma

摘要： 目的探讨母亲孕前体重指数(BMI)及孕期体重增加与儿童哮喘发生的相关性。方法共收集2014年1月-2016年1月在本院产科分娩的产妇170例,根据孕前BMI分为正常体重组 (对照组,88例)和肥胖组(82例)。记录其孕前BMI、孕期增重、新生儿情况等用于统计学分析。每年定期进行随访,比较儿童哮喘发生的情况。结果 1)与对照组相比,肥胖组孕期增重正常的比例显著降低,增重超标的比例显著升高(χ²＝12.61、16.94,P<0.01);2)与对照组相比,肥胖组的剖宫产率、巨大儿比例及新生儿BMI均显著升高(P<0.05);3)与对照组相比,肥胖组的总哮喘发生率显著升高,且肥胖组中增重超标的产妇所孕育的儿童哮喘发生率显著升高(χ²＝5.725,5.067;P<0.05)。结论母亲孕前肥胖且孕期增重超标是诱发儿童哮喘的危险因素,也是导致剖宫产及巨大儿比例升高的主要原因。合理控制孕前BMI及孕期增重,有利于改善妊娠结局并有效控制儿童哮喘的发生率。

关键词: 孕前BMI, 孕期增重, 妊娠结局, 儿童哮喘

CLC Number:

725.6

YANG Yan-ping, ZHOU Yan-hong, XUE Lei. Study on the associations of body mass index in maternal pre-pregnancy and gestational weight gain with early childhood asthma[J]. journal1, 2020, 28(10): 1166-1168.

杨艳萍, 周艳红, 薛磊. 母亲孕前体重指数及孕期增重与儿童哮喘的相关性研究[J]. 中国儿童保健杂志, 2020, 28(10): 1166-1168.

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