Abstract: Objective To explore the association of different status of iron and anemia with neurobehavioral development in children aged 6 to 24 months, so as to provide suggestions for early intervention of children with neurobehavioral development deviation. Methods A total of 322 children aged 6 to 24 months, who underwent physical examination in Department of Child Health, Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Baiyun District, Guangzhou from January 1st to December 31st, 2020, were selected into this cross-sectional study voluntarily. Blood routine, serum ferritin, C-reactive protein and α-1-acid glycoprotein test for the venous blood were used to determine the status of iron and anemia. The neurobehavioral development was assessed by the China Developmental Scale for Children aged 0 to 6 years. Results The prevalence rates of anemia and iron deficiency in children aged 6 to 24 months were 8.07% and 11.49%, respectively. Iron deficiency anemia was negatively correlated with the development of gross motor(β=-6.70, 95%CI:-12.84 --0.56), fine motor(β=-6.27, 95%CI:-11.87 - -0.68) and adaptive ability(β=-6.19, 95%CI:-11.91 - -0.47) of children aged 6 to 24 months. There was a negative correlation between iron deficiency with no-anemia and the development of fine motor(β=-1.65, 95%CI:-3.19 - -0.10) and adaptive ability(β=-2.24, 95%CI:-3.86 - -0.63) of children aged 6 to 24 months. Non-iron-deficiency anemia was negatively related to the development of gross motor(β=-1.52, 95%CI:-2.92 - -0.16), fine motor(β=-1.46, 95%CI:-2.70 - -0.23) and adaptive ability(β=-1.39, 95%CI:-2.68 - -0.11) of children aged 6 to 24 months. Conclusions Both iron deficiency and anemia are negatively correlated with the neurobehavioral development of children aged 6~24 months, which may have adverse effects, and its mechanism needs to be further explored.

Key words: iron deficiency, anemia, children, neurobehavioral development

摘要： 目的 探讨6~24月龄婴幼儿不同铁和贫血状况与神经行为发育的关系,为神经行为发育偏移儿童的早期干预提供参考。方法 采用横断面研究的方法,选取2020年1月1日—12月31日在广州市白云区妇幼保健院儿童保健科健康体检、家长自愿参与本研究的322例6~24月龄婴幼儿为研究对象,经知情同意后,采集静脉血进行血常规、血清铁蛋白、C-反应蛋白和α-1-酸性糖蛋白检查以判定婴幼儿铁营养和贫血状况,采用《0~6岁儿童发育行为评估量表》进行神经行为发育评估。结果 本研究中6~24月龄婴幼儿贫血发生率为8.07%,铁缺乏发生率为11.49%。缺铁性贫血与6~24月龄婴幼儿的大运动、精细动作和适应能力发育存在负相关关系(P<0.05),偏回归系数β分别为-6.70(95%CI:-12.84~-0.56)、-6.27(95%CI:-11.87~-0.68)和-6.19(95%CI:-11.91~-0.47);缺铁无贫血与6~24月龄婴幼儿的精细动作和适应能力发育存在负相关关系(P<0.05),偏回归系数β分别为-1.65(95%CI:-3.19~-0.10)和-2.24(95%CI:-3.86~-0.63);非缺铁性贫血与6~24月龄婴幼儿的大运动、精细动作和适应能力发育存在负相关关系(P<0.05),偏回归系数β分别为-1.52(95%CI:-2.92~-0.16)、-1.46(95%CI:-2.70~-0.23)和-1.39(95%CI:-2.68~-0.11)。结论 铁缺乏、贫血均与6~24月龄婴幼儿的神经行为发育水平负相关,可能存在不良影响,需进一步探明其机制。

关键词: 铁缺乏, 贫血, 儿童, 神经行为发育