Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Inhibitory effect of ZD7288 on visceral hypersensitivity in rats with acute visceral pain

HUANG Yang, TANG Ying, LIU Bin, BAO Cheng-jia, LIN Chun

2014, 19(7): 721-726.

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AIM: Effects of ZD7288, a hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel blocker, on visceral hypersensitivity were investigated in rats with acute visceral pain. METHODS: SD male rats with acute visceral pain were established by injection of 1% acetic acid 1 mL into the colons. The expression and distribution of HCN2 channel protein at dorsal root ganglion, thoracolumbar and lumbosacral spinal cord were detected using immuno-histochemical techniques in control and model rats. Meanwhile, effects of 50 and 100 nmol/L ZD7288 (i.p.) on visceral hypersensitivity were tested by means of abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) and electromyographic (EMG) responses of abdominal external oblique muscles to 20-80 mmHg colorectal distention. RESULTS:Expressions of HCN2 channel protein at dorsal root ganglion, thoracolumbar and lumbosacral spinal cord were significantly increased in rats with acute visceral pain than those in control rats(P<0.05). And intrathecal administration of ZD7288 significantly reduced visceral hypersensitivity in a dose-dependent manner in rats with acute visceral pain(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: ZD7288 could inhibit visceral hypersensitivity in rats with acute visceral pain, and HCN2 channels at dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord may play an important role in acute visceral pain.

Effects of exogenous H₂S donor NaHS on learning and memory in rats after cardiopulmonary resuscitation

WU Chang-jiang, HUANG Chao-fa, ZHU Tuan-jie, WANG Hui

2014, 19(7): 727-732.

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AIM: To investigate the effects of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on learning and memory in rats after cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) and explore its mechanism. METHODS: Experimental rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, model group(CPR), NaHS low dose group,middle dose group and high dose group . The ability of learning and memory was tested by Morris water maze; The activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured with colorimetry; the morphological alterations in hippocampus slices were assessed by microscope. RESULTS:Compared with control group, the escape latency in model group was longer, the residence time in original platform quadrant and the times of passing the position of platform were less, SOD activity was decreased and the content of MDA was increased in model group. Compared with model group, the escape latency in treatment groups was shorter, the number of crossings over the target area and the residence time in original platform quadrant were increased. SOD activity and the content of MDA was increased and decreased, respectively. Morphological changes were significantly attenuated by NaHS in treatment groups.CONCLUSION: CPR can impair the ability of learning and memory of rats, and exogenous H₂S donor NaHS can reduce the impairment of learning and memory of rats after CPR. The mechanism may be related to that H₂S has the effects of anti-lipid peroxidation and scavenging free radical.

Effect of bufalin on the proliferation and apoptosis of human bladder cancer T24 cells

HUANG Hou-bao, XIA Dong-dong, SHEN Qun-shan, CHEN Qing-shui, WANG Xiao, QIU Teng

2014, 19(7): 733-737.

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AIM: To investigate the effect of bufalin on the proliferation of human bladder cancer T24 cells and explore the underlying anticancer mechanisms of bufalin. METHODS: The proliferation-inhibiting effect of bufalin on T24 cells was measured by methyl thiazole tetrazolium (MTT)colorimetric assay; the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry ( FCM ); the expression of CyclinD1 was detected by RT-PCR.RESULTS:Bufalin inhibited the proliferation of T24 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner; bufalin could induce apoptosis of T24 cell; exposure of T24 cells to 20 nmol/L of bufalin led to significant induction of G₀/G₁ growth arrest at both 12 h (69.76%) and 24 h (88.14%),compared with negative control cells (36.42%).The mRNA levels of CyclinD1 in T24 cells was markedly decreased after treatment with bufalin.CONCLUSION: Bufalin could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of T24 cells. Bufalin could induce T24 G₀/G₁ growth arrest and decrease the mRNA levels of CyclinD1.

The effects of TGFβ₁ on the expression of α-SMA and Cx43 in cultured cardiac fibroblasts

WANG Xin, WANG De-guo, ZHAO Chun-mei, XING Wen, WANG An-cai, ZHU Hong-jun, SUN Xian-lin

2014, 19(7): 738-742.

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AIM: To observe the effects of transforming growth factor beta-1(TGFβ₁)on the expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and connexin43 (Cx43) in cultured cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). METHODS: CFs were isolated from neonatal rat by trypsin dissociation and differential adhension. Primary cultures of CFs for one day were subjected to TGFβ₁ (10 ng/mL) incubation for 24 hours. The expressions of α-SMA and Cx43 were determined by immunofluorescence staining. Semiquantitative analysis of mRNA and protein for α-SMA and Cx43 was finished by RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase Chain reaction) and Western blots. RESULTS:Little expression of protein and mRNA levels for α-SMA and Cx43 were observed in cultured 2 days primary CFs. TGFβ₁ stimulation for 24 hours led to significantly increased protein and mRNA expression of α-SMA and Cx43.CONCLUSION: Transient TGFβ₁ stimulation causes differentiation of CFs into MFs and up-regulations protein and mRNA expression of α-SMA and Cx43.

Effects and the mechanism of gastrodin on chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain through the expression of Iba1 of spinal dorsal horn

GONG Deng-hui, ZHENG Wei-hong, LUO Ni, TANG Gui-chen

2014, 19(7): 743-746.

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AIM: To observe the effects of gastrodin on expression of Iba1 in spinal cord in rats with vincristine-induced neuropathic pain. METHODS: SD rats were divided into 5 groups with random block design : control group, model group, gastrodin group (30 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg,120 mg/kg). Vincristine (125 μg/kg, i.p.) was administered to rats on alternate days to establish chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain model in rat, then treated with different dose of gastrodin. Pain threshold and expression of Iba1 was determined respectively.RESULTS:Compared with control group, the pain threshold decreased in model group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with model group, the pain threshold increased in gastrodin groups (30 mg/kg,60 mg/kg,120 mg/kg) (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Moreover, compared with control group, the expression of Iba1 increased in model group (P<0.01).Compared with model group, the expression of Iba1 decreased in gastrodin groups (60 mg/kg,120 mg/kg) (P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Gastrodin can relieve the chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain, probably by inhibiting the activation of spinal dorsal horn microglia.

Morphological differences of liver between two liver fibrosis models induced by dimethylnitrosamine and thioacetamide

HUA Xiao-ping, ZHANG Li, HUANG Li, TAN Zheng-huai, CHEN Zhuang

2014, 19(7): 747-751.

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AIM: To compare the morphological differences of liver between the two liver fibrosis models induced by dimethylnitrosamine(DMN) and thioacetamide(TAA). METHODS: 0.5% DMN (2 mL/kg; 3 times/week) was injected into the abdominal cavity of SD rats for 4 weeks to create one kind of liver fibrosis model.To create another kind of liver fibrosis models, 0.03% TAA in drinking water was administered orally to SD rats for 9 weeks and then 0.04% TAA was administered orally to SD rats for other 6 weeks. After being treated with DMN or TAA, animals were not treated for 4 weeks for recovery. The morphology of liver was evaluated in two models based on the H&E stain and the severity of liver fibrosis was compared in two models with collagen volume fraction and the protein expression of α-SMA.RESULTS: The mortality of rat in the model induced by DMN was high(30%)but no animal was dead in the model induced by TAA. The success rate in the model induced by DMN were higher than those induced by TAA (P<0.01). And the uniformity of liver fibrosis severity in the model induced by DMN is better than the latter. The two models had the similar collagen volume fractions. The protein expression of α-SMA in the model induced by DMN was higher than that induced by TAA (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The model induced by DMN is better than that induced by TAA.

The effects of luoxianzi extractive on the adherence rate of monocyte and vascular endothelial cell

LIU Wen-bin, CHU Fu-jiang, WU Yu-ping, WANG Hui, ZHU Jiang-yong

2014, 19(7): 752-755.

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AIM: To investigate the effects of luoxianzi extractive on the adherence rate of monocyte and vascular endothelial cell. METHODS: The luoxianzi extractive which molecular weight was less than 30 000 was prepared; the influence of luoxianzi extract on vascular endothelial cells EA.hy926's vitality was investigated; the THP-1 and EA.hy926 adhesion model induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) was built,using rose bengal staining, investigated the different concentrations of luoxianzi extractive on the adherence effect of THP-1 and EA.hy926; the influence of luoxianzai extract on EA.hy926 secreted MCP-1 and VCAM-1 which induced by TNF-α was investigated by ELISA.RESULTS:Luoxianzi extract (concentration≤4 × 10² μg/mL) had no significant inhibition or proliferation effect in EA.hy926(P>0.05); luoxianzi extract (concentration≥6.25 μg/mL) could concentration-dependent decrease the adhesion between two cells; all concentrations of luoxianzi extract could significantly reduce the MCP-1 expression induced by TNF-α (P<0.01), luoxianzi extract (concentration ≥ 50 μg/mL), significantly reduced the VCAM-1 expression induced by TNF-α. CONCLUSION: Luoxianzi extract can reduce TNF-α-induced endothelial cells to secrete MCP-1 and VCAM-1, blocking monocyte adherence to vascular endothelial cells, and thus play the role of anti-atherosclerosis.

Vinpocetine improves scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice and its underlying mechanisms

XU Wen-ke, LI Qing, WANG Wei-ping, TANG Su-su, WANG Ping-jun, HONG Hao, ZHANG Ting-ting

2014, 19(7): 756-760.

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AIM: To investigate the effects of vinpocetine on the cognitive impairment induced by scopolamine in mice and underlying mechanisms. METHODS: Vinpocetine(3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, 6 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) were orally administered after intraperitoneal injection with scopolamine (0.8 mg/kg). Cognitive function was evaluated by passive avoidance test and Morris water maze test after 10-day administration. Changes in cholinergic system reactivity were also examined by measuring the acetylcholine (Ach) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) in the hippocampus and cortex.RESULTS:Treatment with vinpocetine(3 mg·kg^-1·d^-1, 6 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) significantly decreased the escape latency in hidden platform test, increased the time spent in the platform quadrant in the spatial probe test, and decreased the times of errors in the passive avoidance test. Vinpocetine also significantly increased Ach level and decreased AchE activity in the hippocampus and cortex. CONCLUSION: Vinpocetine may improve scopolamine-induced memory impairment through elevation of brain Ach levels resulting from inhibition of AchE activity in mice.

Effects of ketotifen on insulin resistance in high-carbon hydrate-fat diet rats

ZOU Liu-yi, WANG Mei-rong, NI Lian-song

2014, 19(7): 761-765.

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AIM: To investigate the effects of ketotifen on insulin resistance in high-carbon hydrate-fat diet wistar rats. METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: group A (basal diet), group B (high-carbon hydrate-fat diet), group C (high-carbon hydrate-fat diet and ketotifen). And then the body weights, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) , riglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterin (LDL-C), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor nectosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum and liver were measured. RESULTS:Compared with group A, the body weights, FBG and FINS of group B significantly were increased (P<0.05). Compared with group B, the insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and hepatic glycogen levels of group C significantly were increased (P<0.05), the body weights, FBG, FINS, TG and LDL-C levels, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in serum and liver were reduced (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Ketotifen can ameliorate insulin resistance in high-carbon hydrate-fat diet wistar rats by reducing the body inflammatory reaction.

Association of HMGB1 gene polymorphism and drug treatment in patient with essential hypertension

GUO Dao-xia, CHEN Yan-chun, WANG Lin-hong, LU Wei, SHEN Chong, YANG Song, ZHAO Xiang-hai, JIN Yue-long, YAO Ying-shui

2014, 19(7): 766-771.

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AIM: To explore the effect of HMGB1 gene polymorphism on drug treatment in patient with essential hypertension, to raise cure rate of hypertension patients by reasonable cure. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 780 patients with hypertension that were recruited by taking compound reserpine, Zhen Ju Jiang Ya Tablet and Jiang Ya Tablet, was conducted and three tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) of HMGB1 gene (rs1045411, rs1412125, rs2249825) were selected by linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis and functional prediction. A quantitative trait analysis was performed for evaluating the relation between HMGB1 genetic variation and blood pressure by taking different antihypertensives drugs.RESULTS:In hypertensive taking compound reserpine, after adjusting the confounding factors, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) linearly decreased with the variation (T>C) of rs1412125 (P=0.040). In female hypertensive taking Zhen Ju Jiang Ya Tablet,after adjusting the covariant, systolic blood pressure(SBP) significantly decreased with the variation(G>A) of rs1045411 and the variation (C>G) of rs2249825 respectively (P=0.044 and 0.043). In age≥55 hypertensive taking Jiang Ya Tablet, different genotypes were significantly different after adjusting the covariant(P=0.048). CONCLUSION: HMGB1 gene might affect the antihypertensive effect of compound reserpine, Zhen Ju Jiang Ya Tablet and Jiang Ya Tablet.

SNP rs1024750 polymorphism in the EGFR gene significantly influences serum calcium levels in postmenopausal Caucasian women

WANG Ping, XU Xiao-jing, BU Feng-xiao, ZHOU Yu, YE An, ZHOU Bo-ting

2014, 19(7): 772-779.

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AIM: To study the effect of genetic polymorphisms of EGFR gene on the body composition, including blood calcium level, in postmenopausal Caucasian women through analyzing the data of a 4-year longitudinal supplementation of calcium and vitamin D. METHODS:A total of 201 postmenopausal non-Hispanic Caucasian women were recruited from rural Midwest area of the USA. They were administrated with calcium (either calcium citrate 1 400 mg/d or calcium carbonate 1 500 mg/d) and vitamin D (1 100 IU/d) supplementation three times per day for 4 years. One hundred-seventy subjects completed the 4-year clinical trial. A total of 35 candidate SNPs were selected with Haploview software 4.2 and genotyped. The cohort's body compositions after calcium and vitamin D intervention were measured every year. Association analysis between target SNPs and phenotypes of body composition was conducted.RESULTS: Among the cohort's body compositions, only serum calcium level at the baseline was significantly associated with rs1024750 SNP in EGFR gene (P<0.05), carriers of AA genotype had the highest baseline level while the GG genotype was the lowest. The annual changes of the serum calcium levels were significantly associated with rs1024750 SNP from Year 1 to Year 4 with calcium and vitamin D intervention (P<0.05), the serum calcium level of GG genotype had tremendous change, it was more than the total of AA and GA genotypes. CONCLUSION: The rs1024750 polymorphism in EGFR gene was significantly correlated with the changes of serum calcium level after calcium and vitamin D supplement in postmenopausal Caucasian women.

Association between BSG gene polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility

GUO Ren, HUANG Pan-hao, LIU Zuo-liang

2014, 19(7): 780-784.

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AIM: To investigate the association of BSG-10292T/A rs8259 polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. METHODS: We performed a case-control analysis including a total of 196 cases and 249 healthy controls.Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to genotype the SNP.The expression of sCD147 in serum was detected. RESULTS:Our result indicated that there is significant difference in the allele frequencies between the RA cases and controls accompanied with a significant difference in sCD147.CONCLUSION: BSG-10292T/A polymorphism is associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in Chinese Han population.

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of bivalirudin sequential regimen in Chinese healthy volunteers

CHAI Dong, WANG Rui, BAI Nan, MEI He-kun

2014, 19(7): 785-788.

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AIM: To investigate the reasonable sequential regimen of bivalirudin in clinic. METHODS: 12 Chinese healthy volunteers were selected. During bivalirudin administration (0.75 mg/kg bolus followed by a 1.75 mg·kg^-1·h^-1 infusion for 4 h), blood samples were collected in regular time, and blood concentration of bivalirudin, active coagulation time (ACT) and function were measured. Then the primary pharmacokinetic parameters were caculated using WinNonlin 5.2.1. The adverse events were observed during the clinical trial.RESULTS:The time-effect curves and time-concentration curve of bivalirudin in this clinical trial were paralleled. The ACT was 220-240 s steadily respectively. During the clinical trial, there were no serve adverse events, and the coagulation function recovered to normal after 24 h. CONCLUSION: Bivalirudin sequential regimen (0.75 mg/kg bolus followed by a 1.75 mg·kg^-1·h^-1 infusion for 4 h) is effective and safe for clinic.

The dose-effect relationship of intrathecal bupivacaine co-administered with dexmedetomidine for total knee arthroplasty

XU Yan, YUAN Li-yong

2014, 19(7): 789-794.

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AIM: To determine the dose-effect relationship of intrathecal bupivacaine (Bup) co-administered with dexmedetomidine (Dex) for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: One hundred Sixty-two ASAⅠ-Ⅱ patients undergoing TKA with use of CSEA were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomely assigned into three groups: Group B (Bup), Group BD1 (Bup plus 2 μg Dex) and Group BD2 (Bup plus 4 μg Dex). Each group was further divided by Bup doses of 6-11 mg. Successful anesthesia and successful tourniquet pain blockade were defined. The ED₅₀ and ED₉₅ values for successful anesthesia and successful tourniquet pain blockade were determined separately by Probit regression analysis. RESULTS:The rate of successful anesthesia was not different among three groups. The time of start postoperative analgesia in Group BD1, Group BD2 was later than that in Group B (P=0.036), respectively. The rate of successful tourniquet pain blockade was different among three groups. The ED₅₀ and ED₉₅ values for successful tourniquet pain blockade were significantly smaller in Group BD1 and BD2 than that in Group B (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Intrathecal Dex did not decrease the dose of intrathecal Bup required for successful anesthesia for patients undergoing TKA. However, it reduced the dose required for tourniquet pain blockade.

Comparison of GnRH antagonist and GnRH agonist used in IVF-ET in patients with PCOS

WANG Pei-yu, YU Rong, LIN Jin-ju, XIAO Shi-quan, JIN Cong-cong, ZHU Ru-ru

2014, 19(7): 795-800.

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AIM: To compare the effect of the GnRH antagonist and GnRH agonist on the outcomes of polycystic ovary syndrome patients who underwent in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. METHODS: The study started from July 2012 to December 2012. A total of 122 patients with PCOS were divided into two groups according to the will of patients: 54 cycles in group A underwent GnRH antagonist protocol and 68 cycles in group B underwent routine GnRH agonist protocol. The dosage of gonadotropin, hormone levels, laboratory results, OHSS incidence and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS:Total dosage and duration of gonadotropin of group A were (1 342.82±442.56) IU and (9.67±2.06) d, which was significantly lower than that of group B (1 521.32±506.59) IU and (12.01±3.62) days. E₂ on the day of HCG administration of Group A (12 354.43±5 771.43) pmol/L was significantly higher than that of group B (8 685.26±4 218.03) pmol/L. The fertilization rate and blastocyst formation rate of group A (79.3% and 73.76%) were significantly higher compared with group B (39.33% and 30.71%). The clinical pregnancy rates were 44.90% and 66.67% respectively. Group B had a rising trend but there had no significant difference. The other laboratory results, OHSS incidence and clinical outcomes were not significant difference. CONCLUSION: Compared with GnRH agonist protocol, GnRH antagonist protocol effectively reduced the amount and duration of gonadotriopin, cut down the costs and relieved the psychological burden. In addition, GnRH antagonist protocol improved the blastocyst formation rate, which may indirectly increased the cumulative pregnancy rate. We concluded that GnRH antagonist protocol may be an alternative method for PCOS patients.

Effects of compound lidocaine cream in the endotracheal tube extubation of pediatric abdominal surgery under general anesthesia

WU Si-lian, CHENG Yong-quan, JIN Xiao-ju

2014, 19(7): 801-804.

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AIM: To evaluate the surface anesthetic effects of compound lidocaine cream-coated endotracheal tube for pediatric abdominal surgery extubation security. METHODS: Sixty 5-12 years old children undergoing abdominal operation under general anesthesia received insertion of the endotracheal tube coated with either compound lidocaine cream(experimental group) or nothing(control group).Pulse Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂),heart rate(HR) and the respiratory end of carbon dioxide(P_ETCO₂)were measured during intubation and extubation.Postoperative pediatric endotracheal tube tolerance and respiratory reaction after anesthesia was recorded.RESULTS:After the two groups of children in the anesthetic effect disappear,compared with the control group,experimental group can be better tolerated endotracheal tube,stable vital signs;the next day,the hoarseness and delirium incidence in experimental group were significantly lower,there was statistically significant difference (P<0.05) .CONCLUSION: Compound lidocaine cream-coated endotracheal tube can inhibit the stress response of the endotracheal tube extubation,with lower postoperative hoarseness and delirium ,can improve the safety of anesthesia extubation in children undergoing abdominal operation under general anesthesia.

Clinical observation of montelukast in prevention of Henoch-Schonlein purpura with renal impairment

CHEN Su-zhe, ZHOU Yao-lin

2014, 19(7): 805-808.

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AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of montelukast in prevention of Henoch-Schonlein purpura with renal impairment. METHODS: Using a randomized controlled method, 200 cases of Henoch-Schonlein syndrome were randomly divided into the experimental group (n=100)and control group (n=100),two groups were given conventional treatment,the experimental group was based on combined with montelukast and the control group was based on combined with low molecular heparin sodium.The clinical treatment result,the changes of urine albumin and β₂ microglobulin levels in different time periods were observed.RESULTS:Efficacy of the experimental group was 91.00% while the control group was 81.00% (χ²=4.15, P<0.05) .Compared with the control group,the children disappearing time rash, abdominal pain and joint pain remission time and the total duration in the experimental group were significantly shorter (P<0.01). After treatment, the levels of urinary albumin and urinary β₂ microglobulin in experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The preventive effect of montelukast on henoch-schonlein purpura with renal involvement method is simple,safe,so it deserves preference in clinic.

The efficacy observation of Fuxin Decoction in the treatment of heart failure

ZHAO Min, LI Jiong

2014, 19(7): 809-811.

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AIM: To study the clinical efficacy of Fuxin Decoction in the treatment of heart failure. METHODS: The 120 patients with heart failure in our hospital during the period from Feb 2013 to Dec 2013 were randomized into the control group (routine theraphy) and the observation group (based on the control group, addition to the Fuxin Decoction), 60 patients per group. The efficacy of heart function and TCM syndrome scores, adverse reactions, and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and E/A value on pre- and post-treatment in the two groups were observed and compared. RESULTS:Compared with control group, the heart function efficacy (91.7% vs 78.3%) and TCM syndrome scores efficacy (91.7% vs 73.3%)were significantly increased, the incidence of adverse reactions was obviously reduced (5.0% vs 16.7%)in the observation group, P<0.05; compared with control group, the LVEF(47.0±1.0 vs 44.4±1.2)and E/A values (1.3±0.4 vs 1.0±0.3)were significantly increased on the post-treatment in the observation group, P<0.05. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of Fuxin Decoction in the treatment of heart failure is significant with high safety, improve the patient's heart function and prognosis quality, and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Role of heparanase in the invasion and metastasis of tumor and its mechanism

NIE Chen-lin, CHEN Xiao-peng

2014, 19(7): 812-817.

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Heparanase(HPSE) is heparan sulfate-degrading enzymes, which could specifically degrade the heparan sulfate proteoglycans associated with the cell surface, extracellular matrix and basement membrane. It can promote tumor invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis, moreover participate in the process of pathophysiological as immunological surveillance and embryo impantation. This review will summerize the role of HPSE in facilitating tumor metastatic and the advance in its inhibitor.

Recent progress in research and development of the impact of gene polymorphisms on thiopurine drugs

XIE Cai, YUE Li-jie

2014, 19(7): 818-823.

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Gene polymorphisms affect the metabolisms of thiopurine drugs, which eventually become the main reason for the differences in efficacy and toxicity. Recently some researches have showed that there were no complete correlations between a single gene polymorphism of drug metabolizing enzyme or transporter and clinical adverse reactions of thiopurine drugs. However, the reasons of drug intolerance were probably more related to multi-genetic analyses. In this article, some of the recent developments of gene polymorphisms of several enzymes about thiopurine drugs were introduced. Meanwhile, the relationships between their metabolic characteristics and drug susceptibility were reviewed.

Blindly statistical analysis for one-way ordered categorical data and correction to use one-way ordered categorical data

WANG Jin-quan, HE Lian-ping, REN Xiao-hua, LU Wei, YAO Ying-shui

2014, 19(7): 824-827.

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It is common that chi-square test is used to analysis data of one-way ordered categorical. Therefore, we talk about the applicable conditions for one-way ordered categorical data in this article. Taking some example that statistical analysis is misused for the one-way ordered categorical data, together with procedure of software SPSS and R to one-way ordered categorical data. So as to offer reference for the medical workers and researchers.

Progress of metabonomic study on cerebral ischemic stroke

LIU Bei, LIANG Sheng-wang

2014, 19(7): 828-834.

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Cerebral ischemic stroke is one of the main reasons for the high disability and mortality rate in both developed as well as developing countries.Covering the studies concerning metabonomics related to cerebral ischemic stroke in the last ten years, this paper presents the discussion in terms of the mechanism of endogenous metabolites.

Research development in surivin protein on anti-cancer therapies

CHU Ji-ru, XIE Hai-tang, LI Juan, ZHONG Zheng-ling

2014, 19(7): 835-840.

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Survivin is a cancer-specific protein, and it upregulated in almost all human tumors. Because of its upregulation in malignancy and its key role in apoptosis, proliferation and angiogenesis, survivin is considered as a new target for anti-cancer therapies. Strategies under the research to target survivin include antisense oligonucleotides, siRNA, ribozymes, immunotherapy and small molecular weight molecules. Several phase I/II clinical trials targeting survivin are currently ongoing. The usage of survivin antagonists combined with conventional therapies might achieve better therapeutic effect.

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