Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics

Development of traditional Chinese medicine based on material mapping

YANG Guoping, PEI Qi, PENG Jinfu

2017, 22(2): 121-123.

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This paper proposed the concept of material mapping of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is information or signals in a variety of media and biological effects of substances with drug effects that can be detected using existing techniques. Features of material mapping in different media can be qualitatively and quantitatively described using a three-dimensional map. Based on the material mapping,TCM development model is different from western medicine, which performs early phase (0 phases) clinical trials to obtain clinical efficacy information. PD/PK researches usually study the efficacy, yet the material of PK study does not necessarily have real effects, but a variety of components related to the efficacy. The in vivo exposure of the drug can be described by the VUC (volume under the curved surface). PD/PK study provides human evaluation criteria for subsequent formulation optimization studies. Quality control of TCM should cover the whole process from materials to the finished product, and qualitative & quantitative descriptions of material mapping are important components of quality control system. Before marketing, TCM should be validated by strict randomized and controlled clinical trials. The population selection and evaluation indexes may reflect the characteristics of TCM, but there is no difference of the logic reasoning of science between western medicine and TCM.

Nicotine enhanced the inducible expression of HSP70 under heat stress through N1 receptor in RAW264.7 macrophages

CHEN Chongfeng, YANG Huaicai, TU Zizhi

2017, 22(2): 124-131.

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AIM: To explore whether low doses of nicotine enhances the HSF1 nuclear translocation and expression of HSP70 in the RAW264.7 macrophages treated under lower heat stress (<40 ℃), and to uncover its receptor mechanism. METHODS:After stimulating with nicotine at doses of 1 mmol/L and its antagonists prior to nicotine treatment at 37 ℃ or 39 ℃, the expression of HSP70 in RAW264.7 macrophages was detected by Western-blot, translocation of HSF1 was detected by immunofluorescence and the combination of HSF1and heat shock element (HSE) was detected by EMSA, respectively. RESULTS:Western-blot showed that nicotine (1 mmol/L) alone could not induce HSPs expression, but was able to enhance the HSP70 expression at 39 ℃ in RAW246.7. Immunofluorescence showed nicotine (1 mmol/L) was able to induce translocation of HSF1 from cytoplasm to nucleus, which was blocked by the pre-treating with hexamethonium apparently; EMSA showed that nicotine (1 mmol/L) could promote the binding of HSF1 to HSE at 37℃. Furthermore, nicotine (1 mmol/L) induced HSF1 binding to HSE greatly at 39℃. CONCLUSION: Nicotine (1 mmol/L) alone can induce HSF1 nuclear translocation and its DNA-binding activity to HSE, but not the expression of HSP70; nicotine (1 mmol/L) can enhance the expression of HSP70 under mild heat stress(39℃) through N1-receptor in the RAW264.7 macrophages.

Protective effect of astragalosides on kidney damage in diabetic mice

LIU Xiaoyun, ZHANG Wen, LI Weiping, GONG Huilin, HAN Jia, LUAN Jiajie

2017, 22(2): 132-138.

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AIM: To study the effect of astragalosides (AST) on kidney damage and the mechanism in diabetic mice. METHODS: The diabetic mice model was established by intraperitoneal injection with STZ and the model mice were randomly divided into model group, tempol group, AST-L group, AST-M group, and AST-H group. After 4 weeks and 6 weeks of administration, concentration of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and glycosylated serum protein (GSP) were recorded; weight and kidney indexes were calculated; renal pathological changes were observed; glomerular apoptosis and renal TGF-beta 1, Col Ⅳ mRNA expressions were detected by TUNEL and RT-PCR method, respectively. RESULTS: AST can significantly reduce the levels of serum FBG and GSP of diabetic mice induced by STZ in time and dose dependent way (P<0.01). After 6 weeks of administration, the body weight increased, while the kidney index, glomerulus defects and cell apoptosis decreased in all treatment group(P<0.01). Compared with model group, the high expression of Col Ⅳ mRNA and TGF-β1 mRNA were significantly decreased in kidney of AST 60 mg/kg dose group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There are some protective effects of AST on kidney of experimental diabetic mice, and its mechanism may be related to promote kidney Col Ⅳ, TGF-beta 1mRNA expression.

Effects of ginsenoside C-K on seizure activity in pilocarpine-induced epileptic rats

ZENG Xiangchang, ZHOU Luping, CHEN Lulu, LUO Wei, LI Chaopeng, GAO Qing, WANG Yaqin, WANG Xintong, HU Kai, SHEN Jie, OUYANG Dongsheng

2017, 22(2): 139-143.

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AIM: To investigate the effects of ginsenoside C-K on behavior in epileptic rats and its synergistic effect with lamotrigine. METHODS: 70 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, lamotrigine group, ginsenoside C-K low, middle, high group, lamotrigine and ginsenoside C-K combination group. Rats in model group and treatment group were prepared for epilepsy animal model by intraperitoneal injection of lithium chloride-pilocarpine after administration of lamotrigine or ginsenoside C-K. Behavior changes were closely observed by video monitoring system after pilocarpine. Behavioural seizure activity was scored according to Racine grading standard and recorded seizure latency. RESULTS: After treatment of ginsenoside C-K, the treatment group rats exhibited significant an increase in seizure latency compared with epilepsy model group. The loss of body wieght reduced significantly in these surviving animals pretreated with ginsenoside C-K(n=10, P＜0.05). Intriguingly, the complex of ginsenoside C-K and lamotrigine reduces seizure intensities, seizure latency was further prolonged(n=10, P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: Ginsenoside C-K can exhibit an antiepileptic effect. The combination of ginsenoside C-K and lamotrigine have synergistic anti-epileptic effect.

Simultaneous determination of four probe drugs of CYP450 in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS

LIU Jingjing, LIANG Zhi, LUO Xiangchong, HE Gonghao, FENG Enfu, XU Guili

2017, 22(2): 144-150.

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AIM:To establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for determination of four probe drugs of phenacetin (1A2), tolbutamide (2C9), dextromethorphan (2D6) and midazolam (3A4) in rat plasma. METHODS:Chromatographic separation was achieved on a 2.1 mm×50 mm, 3.5 μm particle, symmetry C18 column at 35 ℃. The mobile phase was constituted of methanol and 0.1% formic acid in water (67∶33,V/V), running at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Mass spectrometry was performed under the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with an ESI source. With the internal standard carbamazepin, the specific probe substrates of phenacetin, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan and midazolam could be detected in rat plasma. This method was applied into the analysis of plasma samples in rat and was evaluated in terms of recovery, stability, precision and accuracy, and. RESULTS:A good linear relationship was found in phenacetin (10-5 000 ng/mL), tolbutamide (20-10 000 ng/mL), dextromethorphan (4-1 000 ng/mL) and midazolam (4-1 000 ng/mL). The correlation coefficiency (R²) was greater than 0.99. The accuracy of data ranged from 95.96% to 103.10%. RSD(%) of intra-day and inter-day precision was less than 10%. The extraction recoveries of probe drugs were greater than 77% and RSD(%) less than 7%. The range of matrix effect was 90.7% to 100.3% and RSD(%) less than 5.9%. The data exhibited excellent stability. CONCLUSION: The established method is accurate, sensitive, and suitable for determining plasma concentrations of the four probe drugs (phenacetin, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan and midazolam).The plasma samples demonstrate excellent stability and it could be used for evaluating the CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 activities in the drug-drug interaction studies.

Effects of curcumin on VEGF and endostatin expression of Lewis lung carcinoma

XU Buyuan, PAN Xiange, CHEN Chongbie, CAI Min, XU Lu

2017, 22(2): 151-154.

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AIM: To investigate the effects of curcumin on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endostatin expression in lung tumor tissues isolated from Lewis lung carcinoma. METHODS: Three groups were established: the control, the tumor model and the curcumin treatment. Ten C57BL/6 mice were assigned into the control group. Another 20 mice were subcutaneously injected with Lewis cells into the right limb armpit and were randomly divided into the model group and the curcumin group, ten in each. 20 mice of control and model groups were then administered intragastrically with 0.5% CMC-Na solution for 14 days, while mice of the treatment group received suspension of curcumin (100 mg/kg) solution by gavage for 14 days. Lung tumor tissues were isolated from each group after final administration. Weights of the mice and Lung tumor tissues were measured. VEGF and endostatin expression were analyzed by Western blot and Q-PCR. RESULTS: Weigts of lung tumor tissues reduced significantly. VEGF expression increased in lung tumor tissues, while endostatin expression decreased. CONCLUSION: Curcumin inhibits the development of lung tumor through down-regulating VEGF expression and up-regulating endostatin expression.

Correlation between HPV-DNA integration and cervical cancer development as well as the expression of cancer suppressor gene p53 and pRb

WEN Chuansong, TONG Jinyi

2017, 22(2): 155-159.

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AIM: To analyze the correlation between HPV-DNA integration and cervical cancer development as well as the expression of cancer suppressor gene p53 and pRb, so as to provide new idea for its clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: 131 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CIN) and cervical cancer which treated with surgery were selected and divided into 4 groups according to disease degree: CINⅠ, CINⅡ, CINⅢ and cervical cancer;at the same time, 33 patients with benign tumor were selected as controls. The pathological tissues were extracted and detected HPV-DNA integration using whole genome sequencing and high-throughput virus integrated experiment. According to HPV-DNA integration results, all the patients were divided into 3 groups: multi-integration, single-integration and non-integration, and the p53 and pRb expression levels between groups were compared.RESULTS:The HPV-DNA integration rate increased according to the healthy tissue, CIN Ⅰ, CIN Ⅱ, CIN Ⅲ, cervical cancer in the order, and there was mainly multi-integration in the cervical cancer, and mainly single-integration in CIN and the controls, the difference between groups had statistical significance (P<0.05). 8 types of high-risk HPV-DNA integration, including HPV16, HPV58, HPV18, HPV35, HPV31, HPV33, HPV52 and HPV51 were found, with similar distribution trend in different disease degree. The p53 and pRb positive rate and expression level were different in different integration state, and non-integration group was higher than single-integration group, single-integration group was higher than multi-integration group, the difference between groups had statistical significance (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:HPV-DNA integration can restrain the expression of p53 and pRb and promote the development of cervical cancer, which may have a certain guiding role for the identification and prognosis evaluation of cervical cancer.

Effects of triprolidine tydrochloride capsules combined with compound ephedrine hydrochloride and cromolyn sodium pellicles on treating allergic rhinitis

HONG Chaoqun，WU Yaqing，LV Zhenggang，CHENG Kejia

2017, 22(2): 160-164.

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AIM: To study the effects of triprolidine hydrochloride capsules combined with compound ephedrine hydrochloride and cromolyn sodium pellicles on treating allergic rhinitis and its influence on the levels of inflammatory factors. METHODS: 106 patients with allergic rhinitis were collected and were randomly divided into control group and observation group (53 cases each). The control group was given compound ephedrine hydrochloride and cromolyn sodium pellicles, while the observation group was administered with extra triprolidine hydrochloride capsules. The curative effect of allergic rhinitis, disappearance time of related symptoms (nasal itching, nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose and headache), the levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-17, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-13) and the adverse actions were observed and compared. RESULTS:The total effective rate of observation group was 92.5%, which was significantly better than that of control group (79.2%). The nasal itching, nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose and headache disappeared time in observation group were (1.61±0.22) d, (1.83±0.26) d, (4.34±0.54) d, (2.37±0.24) d and (1.51±0.19) d, respectively, which were significantly shorter than those of the control group (P<0.05). Levels of TNF-α, IL-17, IL-4, IL-8 and IL-13 were (0.83±0.22) ng/mL, (43.15±5.21) ng/mL, (35.42±10.65) ng/mL, (113.12±18.53) ng/mL and (5.44±1.05) ng/mL, which were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in adverse actions between the two groups. CONCLUSION:Triprolidine hydrochloride capsules combined with compound ephedrine hydrochloride and cromolyn sodium pellicles on treating allergic rhinitis can improve the therapeutic effect, which is worthy of further study.

Treatment efficacy of scalp acupuncture on the score of MoCA and serum of Hcy in stroke patients with obstacles cognitive

WANG Qinghua, CHU Zhaohu, XU Yesong, ZHAO Shoucai, FANG Fang, SUN Aiping

2017, 22(2): 165-169.

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AIM: To investigate the effect of scalp acupuncture on the score of MoCA (Montreal cognitive function score effect) and serum of Hcy in stroke patients with cognitive disorder before and after treatment. METHODS: 90 patients, who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into control group(cognitive training group),massage group (head self massage and cognitive training group)，scalp acupuncture group(scalp acupuncture plus cognitive training group),30 cases in each group.The MoCA scale and content of Hcy in serum were evaluated before and after 15 d treatment respectively in three groups. RESULTS: Before and after 15 d treatment, the content of Hcy had no significant difference among three groups（all P＞0.05）. Before treatment,the score of MoCA also had no significant difference among three groups.After treatment of 15 d, the score of MoCA had no significant difference between the control group and massage group (tA-B=1.30,P>0.05); between the control group and scalp acupuncture group , massage group and scalp acupuncture group, the difference had statistically significant difference (tA-C=3.66,tB-C=2.48, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Scalp acupuncture treatment has no effect on the change of serum Hcy levels in stroke patients with cognitive impairment, but can improve the MoCA score, namely to improve cognitive function of stroke patients and it is worthy of clinical application.

Clinical trial of minocycline hydrochloride combined with vitapex paste in the treatment of persistent apical periodontitis

ZHOU Shuzhen, GAO Yunyun, XIE Jing, GAO Mengfei

2017, 22(2): 170-173.

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AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of minocycline hydrochloride combined with vitapex paste in the treatment of persistent apical periodontitis. METHODS: One hundred and two patients with persistent apical periodontitis were divided into control group (n=51) and treatment group (n=51) according to random number table method. The control group was treated with calcium hydroxide iodoform paste, and the treatment group was treated with vitapex paste a root canal combined with minocycline hydrochloride ointment. After 2 weeks and 3 months treatment, the clinical curative effect and adverse reaction were observed, the degree of pain was evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS), and the levels of peripheral inflammatory factor were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: After two weeks, the total effective rate in treatment group was significantly higher than the control group (χ²=6.411, P=0.011). After 3 months, the total effective rate 94.12% in treatment group was significantly higher than the control group 70.59%(χ²=9.714, P=0.002). After treatment the VAS was lower than before treatment in two groups, the VAS of 3 months was significantly less than 2 weeks, and the VAS in treatment group was obvious lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). After treatment the levels of TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-8 were lower than before treatment in two groups, the levels of TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-8 of 3 months were significantly less than 2 weeks, and the treatment group was obvious lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Two groups of patients were not seen obvious adverse reactions and discomfort symptoms. CONCLUSION: The minocycline hydrochloride combined with vitapex paste in the treatment of persistent apical periodontitis can reduce the patient's pain, decrease inflammation, increase clinical efficacy, and is relatively safe, which is worthy of popularization and application.

Study on the adjuvant therapy of low birth weight infants with sepsis by IgM-rich immunoglobulin

YANG Zuqin, WANG Ying, CHEN Yingying

2017, 22(2): 174-178.

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AIM: To evaluate the effect of IgM-enriched immunoglobulin treatment on clinical and laboratory parameters in very low birthweight neonates with nosocomial sepsis after pentaglobin treatment. METHODS: A total of 53 very low birth weight childern who were treated in the hospital from February 2015 to February 2016 were recruited as the study objects and divided into two groups; the control group was treated with conventional therapies, while the treatment group was given IgM-enriched immunoglobulin as a support therapy in addition to antibiotics; 5 mL/kg per day of pentaglobin was infused over a 4-hour period on 3 consecutive days. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded before and after treatment. RESULTS: The indicators of both groups were significantly improved after treatment, but they were improved more significantly in the treatment than in the control group, there was significant difference (P＜0.05). The total effective rate of treatment was 82.1% in the treatment group, higher than that in the control group (64.0%), there was significant difference (P＜0.05). The incidence of complication was 28.6% in the treatment group during therapy, while 44.0% in the control group, there was significant difference (P＜0.05). CONCLUSION: Pentaglobin treatment of nosocomial sepsis could be used as an adjunct therapy in very low birthweight neonates.

Treatment of major depression with short-term MECT in addition to antidepressants: its effects on clinical efficacy and cognitive function

ZHONG Zhiyong, TAO Jiong, WANG Xianglan, HAN Hongying, LI Lingjiang

2017, 22(2): 179-183.

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AIM: To investigate effects of the acute and long-term clinical efficacy and cognitive function by using short-term modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) in addition to antidepressants for the treatment of major depression. METHODS: 132 patients of major depression were divided into two groups:the control group (74 cases) and the experimental group (58 cases). Two groups were treated with antidepressants and antidepressants with short-term MECT. All patients were assessed on the first day of hospitalization, at the end of 1st week, 2nd week, 3rd week of hospitalization, after half year, and after one year based on Scale for the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) and Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS). The adverse effects and the length of hospital stay in acute phase were assessed using treatment-emergent symptom scale (TESS) . RESULTS: At the end of 2nd week and 3rd week of hospitalization, there was significant difference (P<0.05) in HAMD but no significant difference (P>0.05) in TESS scores between the experimental group and the control group. WMS score in the experimental group was worse than the control group at the end of 3rd week of hospitalization. However, there was significant difference (P<0.05) in WMS after half year and one year. The recurrence rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at the end of 12 months. CONCLUSION: Using adequate antidepressants with short-term MECT during outbreak of major depression helped to improve the long-dated negative symptoms and cognitive function. Adequate antidepressants combined with short-term MECT is an effective treatment program, which can help to improve the depressive symptoms promptly and thoroughly, and reduce the length of hospital stay in acute phase and long-term risk of recurrence rate, but also to avoid cognitive impairment of MECT due to too many times of MECT.

Effect of oxiracetam combined with Cistanche yizhi capsule in treating cognitive disorder from leukoaraiosis

SONG Xiujuan，LIN Yongjian，WANG Lina，XU Huiqin，LIU Xiaoli

2017, 22(2): 184-189.

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AIM: To observe the therapeutic effect of oxiracetam combined with Cistanche yizhi capsule on the cognitive impairment of leukoaraiosis and to explore the mechanism of its combination therapy. METHODS: From May 2013 to May 2015, 94 patients with acute leukoaraiosis admitted from the general outpatient and neurology department to our department were randomly divided into experiment group and control group. According to the diagnostic criteria, The control group were treated with oxiracetam capsule, 800 mg, tid; the test group to be combined with oral Cetan capsule and Cistanche yizhi capsule combination: Olaxetan capsule, 800 mg, tid; Cistanche compound pills, 1.2 g , tid. Warm water blunt, taking 12 weeks. The patients' cognitive function, daily living ability, social function and mental state were evaluated on the first day of hospital admission, the day of discharge, the third month after discharge and the six months after discharge. RESULTS:The comparison of cognitive function between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05) after the drug intervention, the day of discharge, the follow-up of three months, the follow-up of six months, the numerical test group was better than the control group. The numerical test group was superior to the control group at the time of 6 months follow-up, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); compared with the control group, there was significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). After three months of follow-up, the data of the experiment group were better than the control group. The mental status of the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05) after the drug intervention, the day of discharge, the follow-up of three months, the follow-up of six months of experiment group was better than the control group. CONCLUSION:The combination of Oxiracetam with Cistanche yizhi capsule can improve cognitive function, daily living ability, social function and mental state, and it shows better effect in reducing the irreversibility. The occurrence of senile vascular dementia is of great significance to improve the quality of life of patients, it is worthy of clinical in-depth promotion.

Effect of sevoflurane combined with propofol on postoperative cognitive function and serum oxidative stress level in elderly patients with non small cell lung cancer after thoracic surgery

YOU Kuangzhang, CHEN Bin, BAO Qianqian

2017, 22(2): 190-193.

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AIM: To evaluate the effect of sevoflurane combined with propofol on postoperative cognitive function and serum oxidative stress level in elderly patients with non small cell lung cancer（NSCLC）after thoracic surger. METHODS: 116 cases of elderly patients with NSCLC after thoracic surger were randomly divided into the control group and treatment group, 58 cases in each group. The control group was given target controlled infusion of 0.08 mg·kg-1·min-1 propofol to maintain anesthesia, the experimental group was given target controlled infusion of 0.05 mg·kg-1·min-1 propofol plus 0.8MAC sevoflurane for inhalation to maintain anesthesia. Serum neuro specific enolase (NSE), amyloid protein β(Aβ), Superoxide anion radical (O^2- ), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels, mini mental state examination (MMSE) score and safety of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, serum levels of NSE, Aβ were lower and the MMSE score was higher in the experimental group (P<0.05). The serum levels of O^2- , MDA were lower and the serum level of GSH-Px was higher in the experimental group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Sevoflurane combined with propofol can significantly decrease serum oxidative stress level in elderly patients with NSCLC after thoracic surgery and can reduce the impact on postoperative cognitive function while maintaing high safety.

Role of clinical pharmacists in the anti-infective therapy after anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions: an individualized medicine perspective

YU Yang, HE Jiake, XIONG Aizhen, DING Nan

2017, 22(2): 194-197.

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AIM: To explore the role of clinical pharmacists participating in the individualized anti-infective therapy after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. METHODS: Clinical pharmacists participated in the therapy for a patient with staphylococcus aureus infection after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. According to patient's condition, clinical pharmacist assisted physicians to formulate preliminary anti-infection plan.Embarking on drug sensitivity test, clinical pharmacist carried out individualized medication for patient by vancomycin serum concentration monitoring and population pharmacokinetic modeling. Close pharmaceutical care were conducted throughout the therapy. Moreover, clinical pharmacist assisted physicians to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. RESULTS: According to vancomycin serum concentrations, clinical pharmacist suggested physician to change the anti-infection plan, and received a good therapeutic effect. CONCLUSION: Clinical pharmacists participate in the anti-infective therapy after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, and the designs of individualized dosing regimens contribute in the safety and effectiveness of drug use in patients with serious infection.

Research on the progress of alcoholic liver disease pathogenesis related to CYP2E1

CHEN Dan, LIN Xiuxian, CHEN Yao

2017, 22(2): 198-203.

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Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a kind of liver damage caused by long-term drink or heavy drink by a couple of weeks. Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), as a main enzyme metabolizing enzyme of alcohol, plays an important role in the toxic metabolism of alcohol and the occurrence and development of ALD. The expression of CYP2E1 in vivo, the activity of CYP2E1 and free oxygen radicals and toxic metabolites produced during the metabolism of alcohol by CYP2E1 can affect the process and development of ALD in different ways. The regulation mechanisms related to CYP2E1 is involved with multiples of pathogenic molecules, pathogenesis and signaling pathways. The interplay and reciprocal action between signaling pathways could have an influence on self-protection and the occurrence and development of ALD. This review mainly summarizes the research progresses of signaling pathways both in protective and injury mechanisms that regulate the progress of ALD through CYP2E1. Our effort could provide help for the prevention and treatment of ALD in future.

Advances in research of miRNA regulated tumor-associated gene c-met

MEI Ying, LIU Chaoqi

2017, 22(2): 204-209.

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C-met is the member of the tyrosine kinase receptor (receptor tyrosinekinases, RTKs) family. It can change different signal pathways in cell after combination with its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). The microRNA (miRNA) is a kind of highly conservative, endogenous, non-coding single small RNA whose length is about 19-25 nucleotides. It regulates gene expression after transcription by affecting the stability of the target mRNA or inhibit its translation. It plays an important role in many biological processes in the biological process. Studies have shown that miRNAs can regulate the expression of c-met, inhibit tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Regarding the miRNA related to tumor gene c-met regulation research progress are summarized.

Research advance of central σ-2 receptor on the pathogenesis and therapeutics of neuropsychiatric diseases

WU Yanqin, JIANG Pei, TAN Qinyou, XU Ping, LI Huande, CAI Hualin

2017, 22(2): 210-214.

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Recent studies indicated that the central σ-2 receptor may play an important role in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of neuropsychiatric diseases. In the recent years, its neurobiological functions have attracted great attention with the emergence of available new selective σ-2 receptor ligands. Several new studies suggest that σ-2 receptor is a part of PGRMC1, shading new light on and direction for the function investigation of σ-2 receptor. Thus, in this review, the physiological functions of σ-2 receptor in the central nervous system, and the involvement of σ-2 receptor in various neuropsychiatric diseases and related treatment are discussed.

Research progress of the interaction between warfarin and amiodarone

2017, 22(2): 215-221.

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