Abstract: Objective To provide new ideas and scientific basis for improving children' mathematical ability by analyzing the gaps of visuospatial ability and factors of mathematical ability in children with different mathematical ability. Method A total of 42 children with high scores and 40 children with low scores in mathematical ability test were assessed with Benton Visual Retention Tests(BVRT). Results The BVRT score of children with high mathematical ability was higher than that of children with low mathematical ability (P<0.05).There was specific relationship between visuospatial abilities and factors of mathematical ability in children with different mathematical ability.The mathematical abilities in both groups were related to visuospatial memory (P<0.05), but in low mathematical ability children, it was also related to visual reconstruction (P<0.05).Visuospatial memory and reconstructive ability had no difference between boys and girls (P>0.05). Conclusion Visual memory and visual reconstructive ability might affects mathematical ability in children.

Key words: mathematical ability, visual retention test, children

摘要： 目的 分析不同数学能力儿童的视觉空间识记特征, 探讨其关联性, 为改善儿童数学能力提供新的思路和科学依据。方法 用本顿视觉测试A、C、D法对42例数学能力好的儿童和40例数学能力差的儿童进行测试及对比研究。结果 数学能力高分组的儿童视觉保持测验得分明显高于数学能力低分组的儿童(P<0.05), 数学能力不同的儿童其视觉空间识记特征与数学能力各因子具有特定的关系。两组儿童的数学能力均与视觉记忆相关(P<0.05), 而数学能力低的儿童亦受视觉重构能力的影响(P<0.05)。儿童的视觉空间识记特征与性别无关(P>0.05)。结论 儿童的视觉空间加工能力中的视觉记忆和视觉结构能力对数学学习能力有影响。

关键词: 数学能力, 视觉保持测验, 儿童