Abstract: Objective To understand the nutrition and health status of children in urban areas,and to master the incidence,causes and influencing factors of common nutritional diseases in children. Methods Using cluster sampling method,an epidemiological survey was conducted on 6 477 children under 5 years old in 8 streets of Shenyang City,which were randomly selected from 2 urban districts of city. Results The weight and height average were higher than the WHO (2006) standard in different months and different sexes,and boy's weight and height were higher than those of girls,there were significant difference (all P<0.01) for children under 5 years of age,the prevalences of low weight,growth retardation,weight loss,overweight,obesity were 0.12%,0.35%,0.75%,22.59%,8.17%,respectively;The incidence of anemia in children under 6~8 months and 5 years old were 12.35% and 8.12% respectively;Respiratory infection and diarrhea in children under 5 years of age were 8.65% and 14.40%,respectively. Conclusions The management of children under 5 years of age should be strengthened,physical and nutritional development of children are carried out,The scientific feeding of children's parents is guided in the area in order to increase the rate of breast feeding and reduce the occurrence of children's nutritional deficiency anemia in children under the age of 5,especially for 6 months,and improve the nutritional health of children under the age of 5.

Key words: nutrition, health ststus, children

摘要： 目的 了解沈阳市城区儿童营养与健康状况,掌握儿童常见营养性疾病的发病率、发病原因及影响因素。方法 采用整群分层抽样方法随机抽取沈阳市2个城区8个街道共6 477名5岁以下儿童开展流行病学调查。结果 不同月龄、不同性别婴儿体重和身高均值均高于WHO(2006)标准,男婴高于女婴,差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.01);5岁以下儿童低体重、生长迟缓、消瘦、超重、肥胖患病率分别为0.12%、0.35%、0.75%、22.59%、8.17%;6~8个月和5岁以下儿童贫血发生率分别为12.35%、8.12%;5岁以下儿童呼吸道感染与腹泻两周患病率分别为8.65%、14.40%。结论 应加强5岁以下儿童健康管理,开展儿童体格及营养发育监测;对辖区内儿童家长进行科学喂养指导,提高母乳喂养率,以降低5岁以下儿童尤其是6个月儿童营养性缺铁性贫血的发生,提高5岁以下儿童营养健康水平。

关键词: 营养, 健康状况, 儿童