Abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that may persist throughout life. The diagnostic assessment should be initiated for children and adolescents suspected of suffering from ADHD. And clinical diagnosis of ADHD should be based on the comprehensive evaluation. A comprehensive treatment plan should be developed to manage ADHD with chronic care model. Parental training/behavior intervention and medication are the most effective treatments supported by evidence. The major factors that influence the treatment options include age of the patient,severity of the disorder and comorbidities. Behavioral intervention is the preferred treatment for preschoolers, while medicaiton combined with or without behavioral therapy is preferred for school-aged children and adolescents.

Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, assessement, management, children, adolescents

摘要： 注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种慢性神经发育障碍,可能持续终生。对怀疑可能患有ADHD的儿童、青少年应启动诊断评估。临床诊断应建立在综合评估的基础上。应按照慢性病管理模式来管理ADHD,制定完善的治疗计划。父母培训/行为干预、药物治疗是得到证据支持的最有效治疗方法。影响治疗选择的主要因素有患者年龄、疾病严重程度及共患病。行为干预是学龄前儿童首选的治疗方法,对于学龄期儿童、青少年首选药物治疗,联合或不联合行为。

关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, 评估, 管理, 儿童, 青少年