Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical effect of pivotal response treatment(PRT) in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD),so as to provide reference for the rehabilitation treatment of ASD children. Methods Totally 46 children aged 2—5 years who were diagnosed with ASD in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2019 to December 2019 were enrolled in the study and were randomly divided into conventional group(n=23) and PRT group(n=23). Both groups were assessed by the Autism Behavior Checklist(ABC),Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS) before intervention and after 3 months of intervention. Results Conventional group had obvious reductions in the total score and the scores on social interaction,somatic movement and self-care subscales of the ABC Scale after 3 months of treatment(t=5.505,3.102,3.425,4.058,P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the PRT group had distinct reductions in the total score and the scores on sense,social interaction,somatic movement, language and self-care subscales of the ABC Scale as well as an obvious reduction in the total score of the CARS(t=6.087,2.861,4.618,5.509,5.621,6.578,7.398,P<0.05). The PRT group had a significantly greater reduction in the total score of the ABC Scale,social interaction,somatic movement,language,self-care and the total score of the CARS Scale than the conventional group(t=8.965,5.488,3.761,5.508,2.612,5.618,P<0.05). Conclusions PRT can effectively improve social interaction,somatic movement,language and self-care of ASD children.

Key words: pivotal response treatment, autism spectrum disorder, children

摘要： 目的 分析关键性技能训练法(PRT)对孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿的干预效果,为ASD儿童的康复治疗提供参考。方法 选取2019年1—12月在郑州大学第三附属医院儿童发育行为科诊断为ASD的2~5岁儿童46例,随机分为常规组和PRT组,每组各23例。两组干预前及干预3个月后均采用孤独症行为量表(ABC)、儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)进行评估。结果 常规组治疗3个月后ABC总分、交往能区、躯体运动能区、生活自理能区分数均降低(t=5.505、3.102、3.425、4.058,P<0.05)。PRT组治疗3个月后ABC总分、感觉能区、交往能区、躯体运动能区、语言能区、生活自理能区及CARS总分均降低(t=6.087、2.861、4.618、5.509、5.621、6.578、7.398,P<0.05)。PRT组ABC总分、交往能区、躯体运动能区、语言能区、生活自理能区及CARS总分分数差值显著高于常规组(t=8.965、5.488、3.761、5.508、2.612、5.618,P<0.05)。结论 PRT治疗可有效改善ASD儿童的社交、躯体运动、语言、生活能力等。

关键词: 关键性技能训练法, 孤独症谱系障碍, 儿童