Abstract: Objective To make an epidemiological investigation of children and adolescents with nocturnal enuresis (NE),in order to understand its current situation and characteristics. Methods Stratified and cluster random sampling was adopted to select 12 000 children and adolescents aged 5-18 in Yinchuan from 20th April to 4th May in 2017.And the prevalence of NE,characteristics and quality of life of children were investigated. Results A total of 10 074 valid questionnaires were collected. Among them,there were 612 cases of NE,with a total prevalence rates of 6.08%. The prevalence rate of NE in male and female was 6.69% and 5.42%,respectively. Also,the prevalence rates of NE in Han and Hui nationality were 6.57% and 4.63%,respectively,and was 4.37% in other nationalities. Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) and secondary nocturnal enuresis (SNE) accounted for 60.78% and 39.22%, respectively. Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) and nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE) accounted for 74.18% and 25.82%. Moreover,nocturnal enuresis had impact on having life worries(53.76% ),sleep(70.1%) and school performance(66.18 %). Conclusions Nocturnal enuresis is prevalent,which has negative impact on the quality of life of children and their parents in the long term. However,the diagnosis rate of NE is low,and the importance of this disease still needs to be improved.

Key words: nocturnal enuresis, epidemiology, quality of life, children

摘要： 目的 调查银川市儿童及青少年遗尿症的流行病学情况,了解其患病现状及其特征分析。方法 于2017年4月20日—5月4日采用分层、整群随机抽样的方法,对银川市12 000名5~18岁儿童及青少年进行遗尿症患病率、遗尿特征及其生活质量状况等相关调查。结果 回收合格问卷共10 074份,患病总人数共612人,总患病率为6.08%,男、女患病率分别为为6.69%、5.42%;汉族、回族患病率分别为6.57%、4.63%,其他民族为4.37%;原发性、继发性遗尿症患儿分别占总患病人数的60.78%、39.22%,单一症状、非单一症状夜间遗尿症各占74.18%、25.82%;患儿因遗尿对生活产生烦恼者占53.76%,对睡眠有影响者占70.1%,对其在校表现或成绩有影响者占66.18%。结论 遗尿症患病率高,长期存在对患儿及其父母的生活质量均可造成消极影响,且就诊率较低,对于该病的重视仍需提高。

关键词: 遗尿症, 流行病学, 生活质量, 儿童