Effects of IgD on polarization and phagocytosis of peripheral blood induced monocyte-macrophage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

doi:10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2026.04.002

Abstract

Abstract:

AIM: To investigate the effects of immunoglobulin D (IgD) on the function of human peripheral blood macrophages. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy controls, and then adhered to the wall and stimulated with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of IgD Fc receptors (FcδR, IgDR) on the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear macrophages in RA patients and healthy controls. Stimulate macrophages with different concentrations of IgD (final concentrations of 1, 3, 10 μg/mL) for 48 hours, and flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD86 and CD206 on the surface of macrophages. Flow cytometry was used to detect the phagocytic of macrophages. RESULTS: Continuous expression of FcδR was detected on macrophages induced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the expression was higher in RA patients than in healthy controls. The expression of M1 macrophages can be enhanced by IgD, while the expression of M2 macrophages can be weakened. At the same time, the phagocytic ability of macrophages are also enhanced with the increase of IgD levels. CONCLUSION: IgD may promote macrophage polarization in human peripheral blood monocytes by binding to FcδR, causing an imbalance in the proportion of M1 and M2 macrophages and enhancing phagocytic function of macrophages.

Key words: immunoglobulin D, rheumatoid arthritis, macrophage, polarization, phagocytosis

CLC Number:

Mengqin CHEN, Xi LING, Qiangqiang CHU, Danyan LIU, Yueye WANG, Tiantian WU, Manling DONG, Wei WEI, Yujing WU. Effects of IgD on polarization and phagocytosis of peripheral blood induced monocyte-macrophage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2026, 31(4): 443-450.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 Verify the percentage of monocyte-derived macrophages induced by M-CSF

Fig.2 Expression of FcδR on monocyte-derived macrophages in PBMCs of RA patients and healthy controls ($ \overline{x} $±s, n=3) A: expression of FcδR tested by flow cytometry; B: the statistical chart shows the expression of FcδR in RA patients and healthy controls. cP<0.01, compared with HC-FcδR group.

Fig.3 Effects of IgD on the phagocytic activity of mononuclear macrophages in PBMCs of RA patients and healthy controls A: circle CD68+ and FITC+ cell clusters in the cell population; B: fluorescence imaging of individual cells every group.

Fig.4 Effects of IgD on the expression of CD86 and CD206 in healthy controls PBMCs ($ \overline{x} $±s, n=5) A: expression of CD86 and CD206 tested by flow cytometry in PBMCs of healthy controls; B: the statistical chart shows the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages under different concentrations of IgD stimulation. cP<0.01, compared with control group.

Fig.5 Effects of IgD on the expression of CD86 and CD206 in RA patients PBMCs ($ \overline{x} $±s, n=5) A: expression of CD86 and CD206 tested by flow cytometry in PBMCs of RA patients; B: the statistical chart shows the ratio of M1/M2 macrophages under different concentrations of IgD stimulation. cP<0.01, compared with control group; C: comparison of RA patients and healthy controls of M1/M2 under different concentrations of IgD.

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