Table of Content

Volume 18 Issue 7
26 July 2013

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Influence of prostaglandin E2 on hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiac cells

DAI Heng, ZUO Zhong, CHEN Ping, GAO Jin, XIONG Qiu-ju

2013, 18(7):  721-724. 

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AIM: To explore the effects of PGE2 on cardiomyocyte through experiments on the cultured H9c2 cardiac cells, assess the dose-effect relationship to provide the basic theory for looking for potential targets of inhibiting myocardial hypertrophy.METHODS: H9c2 cardiac cells were randomly divided into four groups: control group (group C), 0.1 μmol/L PGE2 group (group D1), 1 μmol/L PGE2 group (group D2) and 10 μmol/L PGE2 group (group D3). Forty-eight hours later after PGE2 was fed, the morphology of H9c2 cardiac cells were recorded by using a fluorescence microscope. The occurrence of myocardial hypertrophy was observed in terms of cell diameter and total protein of the cells. And the gene expression levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) mRNA in cells, which were measured by RT-PCR, helped to judge whether there was an occurrence of pathological myocardial hypertrophy.RESULTS: Compared with group C, the cell shape changed and the volume increased, the cell diameter and the total protein were increased in group D1, group D2 and group D3 (P<0.05). There were also significant differences between different doses of PGE2 (P<0.05); the expression levels of ANP and BNP mRNA were upregulated in group D2 and group D3 compared with group C (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: PGE2 can induce myocardial hypertrophy of the cultured H9c2 cardiac cells in a dose-dependent manner. Larger dose of PGE2 stimulate pathological myocardial hypertrophy. Inhibition of PGE2 is expected to be a new target to control myocardial hypertrophy.

Ursolic acid inhibits over expression of CRP in HepG2 cells and CRP induced HUVECs injury

JIN Yue, LV Yuan-yuan, LIU Ke-xin, HAN Guo-zhu, WANG Chang-yuan, LIU Qi, MENG Qiang, SUN Hui-Jun

2013, 18(7):  725-731. 

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AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effects of ursolic acid (UA) on the over expression of C-reactive protein (CRP) induced by IL-6 in HepG2 cells and its protective effect of CRP induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injury.METHODS: HepG2 cells were treated with IL-6 (30 ng/mL) or IL-6 (30 ng/mL) and different concentrations of UA (6.5, 12.5, 25 μmol/L) for 48 h, then effect of UA on CRP-induced proliferation of HUVECs was detected by MTT assay; CRP protein and mRNA expression in HepG2 cells was detected by using Western blot and RT-PCR methods. HUVECs were treated with CRP (25 μg/mL) or CRP (25 μg/mL) and different concentrations of UA (5, 10, 20 μmol/L) for 24 h, the cell proliferation in each group was assayed by MTT and VCAM-1, LOX-1 protein or mRNA expression were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR methods.RESULTS: The cell proliferation decreasing induced by IL-6 and IL-6-induced CRP protein and mRNA expression increasing effects in HepG2 cells can be significantly inhibited by UA. Increasing cell proliferation and LOX-1/VCAM-1 abnormal over expression both on mRNA and protein levels of HUVECs induced by CRP can be markedly inhibited by different concentrations of UA.CONCLUSION: UA can reduce CRP levels in plasma by inhibiting the hepatic synthesis of CRP. So UA may have positive significance for preventing myocardial ischemia and anti-atherosclerosis diseases by preventing CRP and other inflammatory cytokines from injuring endothelial cells.

Mechanisms and protective effect of compound Shanju on aortal injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats

LIU Yan, YANG Jie-ren, HAO Wei, ZHANG Jun-xiu, TANG Li-juan, CHEN Guo-xiang

2013, 18(7):  732-737. 

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AIM: To observe the protective effect of compound Shanju on the aortal injury in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and explore its conceivable mechanisms.METHODS: SHRs (35) were randomly divided into SHR model (distilled water 5 mL·kg^-1·d^-1,n=7) group, compound Shanju with high, medium and low dosages (0.45, 0.15, and 0.05 g·kg^-1·d^-1,n=7, respectively) groups, and captopril (0.03 g·kg^-1·d^-1,n=7) positive control group. In addition, the WKY (distilled water 5 mL·kg^-1·d^-1,n=7) negative control group was established. All animals were administrated for 16 weeks. Blood pressure was measured by tail cuff for 16 weeks fortnightly interval with all animals. After 16 weeks, the primary pathologic changes of aorta were observed by HE staining, and collagen deposition was stained by Masson visually. The expression of eNOS and TGF-β₁ protein were measured by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: With the increase dose of compound Shanju, the aortal pathological damage had been improved, the area of collage deposition had been ameliorated gradually in aortal tunica media. The expression of TGF-β₁ protein downregulated and that of eNOS protein upregulated inch by inch.CONCLUSION: Compound Shanju can significantly ameliorate the aortal injury and collagen deposition, suggesting this medicine may protect the aorta from injury through downregulating TGF-β₁ and upregulating eNOS protein expression.

Effect of microRNA let-7a on Con A-induced hepatitis

WANG Xiang-ming, LV Kun, ZHANG Fan, ZHANG Ying-ying, ZHONG Min, LI Jia-jia, MEI Jing-jing

2013, 18(7):  738-742. 

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AIM: To investigate the effects of microRNA let-7a on Con A-induced hepatitis.METHODS: 24 BALB/c mice were randomly divided into model group and let-7a treatment group. The liver hepatitis models were established by the tail vein injection of Con A. Mice was infected with a lentiviral vector containing the let-7a sequence 7 days before Con A treatment. The plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) activities were measured with a 7170 Hitachi automatic analyzer. The serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The liver samples were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, sectioned and then stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histological examinations.RESULTS: The serum ALT level was significantly decreased in the let-7a infected-mice compared to the control mice (P<0.001). Pretreatment with let-7a consistently reduced the extent of liver damage, as evidenced by the decreased infiltrated lymphocytes (P<0.05) and the limited number of necrotic lesions in these mice (P<0.01). Furthermore, let-7a significantly improved the survival rate after Con A treatment. It was accompanied by a significant decreased level of inflammatory cytokines as TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ in the serum.CONCLUSION: MicroRNA let-7a ameliorates Con A-induced hepatitis. It may represent as a novel therapeutic strategy in treating immune-mediated inflammatory hepatitis.

Effects of metformin on intracellular reactive oxygen species and apoptosis induced by advanced glycation end products on rat cranioaural osteoblasts

ZHEN Dong-hu, LIU Li-juan, CHEN Jian-guo, TANG Xu-lei

2013, 18(7):  743-748. 

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AIM: To explore the effects of metformin (MF) on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced rat cranioaural osteoblasts.METHODS: Rat cranioaural osteoblasts were isolated and cultured. The fluorescence of 2′, 7′-dichlorofluorescin (DCF) was measured by flow cytometry as a mean of estimating the formation of ROS, the cell apoptosis was detected by double-staining (Annexin V-FITC/ PI).RESULTS: With 500 μg/mL AGEs, intracellular ROS and the cell apoptosis were markedly increased(both P＜0.01), as compared with that observed with bovine serum albumin(BSA) group; MF(100-500 μmol/L) decreased intracellular ROS in both BSA group and AGEs group in a dose-dependent manner, with maximal inhibition attained at a concentration of 500 μmol/L. Introducing different concentrations of metformin (100-500 μmol/L) into the medium significantly lowered the number of apoptotic cells in a dose-dependent manner in both BSA group and AGEs group and maximal inhibition was reached at a concentration of 400 μmol/L.CONCLUSION: AGEs markedly induced intracellular ROS and the cell apoptosis. However, metformin significantly decreased intracellular ROS and apoptosis, which could ameliorate deleterious effects of AGEs on osteoblasts.

Influence of allicin on the function of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1

YANG Guo-ying, MA Kai, WU Lan-xiang, ZHANG Wei, ZHOU Hong-hao

2013, 18(7):  749-753. 

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AIM: To investigate the effect of allicin on organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1) activities.METHODS: Using human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells stably expressing OATP1B1, to observe the effect of allicin on OATP1B1-mediated uptake of [³H]estrone sulfate and pravastatin.RESULTS: Allicin can competitively inhibit the OATP1B1-mediated uptake of [³H]estrone sulfate and pravastatin, with the K_i values of (18.3±5.2)μmol/L and (15.4±6.8)μmol/L,repectively.CONCLUSION: These data indicate that modification of OATP1B1 transport activity by allicin is a mechanism for herb-drug interactions in human beings.

Cardiovascular responses evoked by endothelin-1(1-31) microinjected into the nucleus tractus solitarius

LI Pei-wu, WANG Xian-kun, CHONG Xiao-qin, LI Pei-jie, CUI Hong-bin, LU Yan, FU Zhong-xue

2013, 18(7):  754-759. 

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AIM: To observe the cardiovascular functions of endothelin-1(1-31)[ ET-1(1-31)] within the nucleus tract solitarius(nucleus tracts solitarius, NTS) and explore their mechanism.METHODS: 90 male SD rats were included into the present study. Among them, 50 were randomized into bilateral or unilateral microinjection of ET-1(1-31)(0.5-2.0 pmoL)or aCSF (100 nL) group, in which ET-1(1-31) (0.5-2.0 pmoL) or aCSF (100 nL) was bilaterally or unilaterally applied to observe the dose-dependant responses of ET-1(1-31) within the NTS. ET-1(1-31) (1.0 pmol) or aCSF (100 nL) was bilaterally applied into the NTS to observe the influences of ET-1(1-31) (1.0 pmoL) on the arterial baroreflex function (BRS) within the bilateral NTS in 11 rats. ET_A receptor antagonist BQ₁₂₃, ET_B receptor antagonist BQ₇₈₈or non-selective glutamate receptor antagonist kynurenine (KYN) was prior applied to explore the mechanism of ET-1(1-31) within the NTS in 29 rats.RESULTS: Bilateral or unilateral microinjection of ET-1(1-31) into the NTS produced dose-dependant hypotension and bradycardia of rats.Bilateral microinjection of ET-1(1-31) into the NTS significantly decreased the BRS function.Pretreatment with BQ₁₂₃ or KYN significantly decreased BP and HR responses induced by unilateral microinjection of ET-1(1-31) (1.0 pmol) into the NTS. There was no obvious influence to BP and HR responses treatment with BQ₇₈₈.CONCLUSION: ET-1(1-31) within the NTS produces hypotension and bradycardia, mediated by ET_A receptors and glutamate receptor at least partly.

Efficacy of domestic Ziconotide in treating neuropathic pain induced by L5 spinal nerve ligation in rats

DENG Li-zhen, TU Wei-feng, MA Ya-ping , YING Qin, YANG Xue-min, KANG Xu, NIE Tao

2013, 18(7):  760-763. 

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AIM: To investigate the efficacy of domestic Ziconotide in treating neuropathic pain induced by L5 spinal nerve ligation in rats.METHODS: Forty male SD rats (weighted from180 to 220 g) were randomly divided into five groups, including sham control group(Group SC): 0.9%NS 20 μL; L5SNL model control group (Group L5SNL): 0.9%NS 20 μL; DZ1 group: the first batch of domestic ziconotide 100 ng; DZ2 group: the second batch of domestic ziconotide 100 ng; IZ group: imported ziconotide 100 ng. The changes of the mechanical pain threshold and thermal pain threshold in these rats by testing their 50% paw withdrawal threshold(50%PWT) and thermal withdrawal duration(TWD) pain threshold in these rats were observed, and the maximum possible effect (MPE) was calculated to evaluate the analgetic efficacy of domestic and imported ziconotide in relieving the neuropathic pain.RESULTS: Compared with the model group, both 50%PWT and TWD were significantly increased by intrathecal injection 100 ng of domestic Ziconotide and imported one respectively(P＜0.01); There were no significant differences in the maximum possible effect(MPE) of inhibiting the mechanical pain and TWD between the domestic Ziconotide group and imported one.CONCLUSION: Domestic Ziconotide has a significant effect on the neuropathic pain induced by L5 spinal nerve ligation in rats.

Relationship between ERCC1,Bcl-2 expression and cisplatin intervention in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines

JIN Yi-feng, HE Bei, LIU Dong-hua, WAN Ying

2013, 18(7):  764-768. 

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AIM: To study the relationship between the expressions of ERCC1, Bcl-2 and the effect of cisplatin in human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines,which suggested that the effects of ERCC1, Bcl-2 in cisplatin resistance effect.METHODS: A549 and A549/DDP cell lines were collected in the study,then the resistance of A549/DDP cells was measured by MTT assay.The expressions of ERCC1, Bcl-2 mRNA and protein after different concentrations' and different time' intervention were measured by immunocytohistology SABC assay and RT-PCR respectively.RESULTS: After treating with 10 μg/mL cisplatin for 12 h, the expressions of ERCC1, Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were increased in A549 cells; With the extension of time, the expressions of ERCC1 and Bcl-2 mRNA were increased gradually, they reached the peak levels in 72 h group.After treating with 5 μg/mL cisplatin for 24 h, the expressions of ERCC1, Bcl-2 mRNA and protein was increased in A549 cells.With the increase of concentration, the expressions of ERCC1 and Bcl-2 mRNA were increased gradually ,they reached the highest levels in 20 μg/mL group.Compared with the paremtal cells, the expressions of ERCC1 and Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were increased significantly in A549/DDP cells.CONCLUSION: With increasing concentrations of cisplatin and action time, the expressions of ERCC1, Bcl-2 mRNA and protein are increased in A549 cells,then speculates that ERCC1 and Bcl-2 may be involved in cisplatin acquired resistance.

Study of the effects and the mechanism of resveratrol on platelet aggregation in hyperlipidemia rats

BAI Yun-xia

2013, 18(7):  769-773. 

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AIM: To explore the effects and the mechanism of resveratrol on platelet aggregation in hyperlipidemia rats.METHODS: Experimental hyperlipidemia rats were ig administrated of resveratrol (50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) or vehicle for 30 d. The levels of TC, TG, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), NO, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), granulemembrane protein-140(GMP-140),thromboxaneB₂ (TXB₂),6-keto -prostaglandin F_1α (6-keto-PGF_1α) and platelet maximal aggregation rate(MAR)which was induced by ADP in 5 minute were measured.RESULTS: Compared with the high fat diet (HFD) group, the levels of TG, TC,LDL-C were decreased respectively by 19%, 31%,51% and the level of HDL-C increased in 1.33 folds after the rats fed and ig resveratrol (50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) for 30 d. The activities of SOD and eNOS and the content of NO and 6-keto-PGF_1α in resveratrol group were increased (P<0.01).And the contents of MDA, GMP-140,TXB₂ and MAR in resveratrol group were decreased (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Platelet aggregation rate was decreased in experimental hyperlipidemia rats by i.g. administration of resveratrol, its mechanism closely correlates with decline of plasma lipid and with anti- peroxide of lipid , protecting vaso endothelial cells , improving the synthesis of NO , keeping the balance of TXA₂ and PGI₂ in tissue or plasma and the balance between extracellular calcium and intracellular calcium.

Effects of amlodipine plus telmisartan for ameliorating microalbuminuria in hypertension patients with diabetes:A meta-analysis

WANG Quan-hai, HE Lian-ping, CHEN Yan, JING Yue-long, YAO Ying-shui

2013, 18(7):  774-777. 

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AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of amlodipine plus telmisartan in improving microalbuminuria of subjects with hypertension and diabetes.METHODS: Electronic databases of OVID-LWW, CNKI and Wanfang were searched to collect randomized controlled trials(RCT) by interventions of amlodipine plus telmisartan in improving microalbuminuria of subjects with hypertension and diabetes, the methodological quality of the trials and extracted valid data for Meta-analysis was evaluated.RESULTS: 5 RCT and 500 patients were included. Test group were treated by amlodipine plus telmisartan, the control group were treated by telmisartan. Meta analysis showed that no statistically significant was found for 24 h microalbuminuria between two groups before treatment, but statistically significant was found after treatment. CONCLUSION: Amlodipine plus telmisartan can improve 24 h microalbuminuria of subjects with hypertension and diabetes, hypertension and diabetes 24 h trace urine protein content to good effect. However, because of the lower methodological quality literature, it is still necessary to need a large sample, and long-term adverse reactions follow-up.

Association of ABCC2 genetic polymorphism with liver disfunction induced by cyclosporine in Chinese renal transplant recipients

XIN Hua-wen, LIU Hui-ming, LI Yuan-qi, HUANG Hui, ZHAO Li, YU Ai-rong, LI Qing, WU Xiao-chun, LI Wei-liang, XIONG Lei

2013, 18(7):  778-784. 

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AIM: To investigate the association between cyclosporine (CsA) induced liver disfunction and multidrug resistance-association protein 2 (MRP2/ABCC2) genetic polymorphisms in Chinese renal transplant recipients.METHODS: 339 renal allograft recipients were included in this study which were all treated by CsA. Two SNPs (rs717620 A/G; rs2273697 G/A) in chr.10 were genotyped. Besides, the CsA whole blood levels of renal transplant recipients were measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. All the subjects were divided into three groups according to the liver injury occurrence.RESULTS: The frequencies of rs717620 and rs2273697 mutation allele were 38.89% and 10.72%, respectively. The ABCC2 gene rs717620 SNP, G mutation allele was strongly associated with CsA induced liver disfunction. Compared with the control group, the distribution frequency of the GG genotype was significantly increased in CsA induced liver disfunction group (P<0.05), and that of the AA genotype was significantly increased (P<0.05). The ABCC2 gene rs2273697 polymorphism was not strongly associated with CsA hepatotoxicity. Genotype analysis revealed that there was no significant associations between these two SNPs and cyclosporine trough concentrations. But a positive association between rs2273697 polymorphism and ALT, AST concentrations was obse rved. The risk of disease for homozygous GG carriers was 6-fold higher (OR=6.960, 95%CI:1.636-29.610, P<0.01) in comparison with AA carriers in rs717620 gene. Analysis of haploid showed that compared with individuals carrying AA-AA, the risks of CsA induced liver disfunction after transplantation in the individuals carrying GG-GG and GG-GA were 5.909 and 13.333-fold higher, respectively.CONCLUSION: There is an association between the rs717620 genetic polymorphism in exon 1 of ABCC2 gene and CsA induced liver disfunction. The haploids carrying GG-GG and GG-GA have higher risk to result in CsA induced liver disfunction.

Combined use of Magnesium Sulfate and Benzene Three Phenol in the treatment of acute cholecystalgia

LIN Ling, XU Huan-jian

2013, 18(7):  785-788. 

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AIM: To analyze and evaluate the combined use of Benzene Three Phenol and Magnesium Sulfate in the treatment of acute cholecystalgia in the clinical efficacy and adverse reaction.METHODS: From January 2010 to June 2012,a total of 300 cases of patients were treated and randomly divided into A, B, C group. Group A were treated with Benzene Three Phenol, group B combined use of Benzene Three Phenol and Magnesium Sulfate treatment, group C by Anisodamine treatment with alkali.RESULTS: The efficiency of group B was higher than that in group C or group A(χ²=21.5000,P<0.01),the efficiency of group A was higher than that in group C(χ²=6.6528, P<0.01).Group B of the abdominal pain relief time was less than group C(t=4.1067, P<0.01),Group B of the abdominal pain relief time was similar to group A (t=0.7190,P=0.4730).Group B after administration of the VAS score lowest between group C and group A(F=285.6,P<0.01). Group C adverse reaction rate was higher than that of A and B (χ²=115.6116,P<0.01),and there was no significant difference between group B and group A(χ²=0.0962,P=0.7564).CONCLUSION: Combined use of Benzene Three Phenol and Magnesium Sulfate on acute cholecystalgia is more superiority in symptom,onset time and undesirable reaction,clinical curative effect is satisfactory, superior to use Benzene Three Phenol or anisodamine alone, worthy of clinical application.

Ovulation induction effects of letrozole and clomiphene citrate in polycystic ovary syndrome

HU Wei-hua, XU Qing-yang, TANG Jing-wen

2013, 18(7):  789-793. 

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AIM: To observe the induced ovulation outcomes using either letrozole (LE) or clomiphene citrate (CC) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).METHODS: After medication of ethinylestradiol/ cyproterone acetate tablets and metformin hydrochloride enteric-coated tablets, 72 PCOS women with normal function of endocrine scheduled ovulation induction were randomly allocated to LE group and CC group (n=36 for each). The drug was administered orally at the 4th day of the menstrual cycle, and transvaginal ultrasound was performed to monitor the follicle development. By the follicular diameter≥18 mm, human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was injected to induce the ovulation, and the blood was simultaneously taken at the same day to determine the levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T). The two groups were examined and compared regarding the thickness of endometrium, number of dominant follicle, amount of HMG used, ovulation rate, incidence of LUF and clinical pregnancy rate.RESULTS: The periodic ovulation rate and pregnancy rate had no significance between LE group and CC group. E2 level detected at the day of HCG administration was lower in LE group than the CC group (P＜0.05), yet thicker endometrium was seen in LE group (P＜0.05). Additionally, LE group had a lower incidence of ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS) (P＜0.05), and was superior to CC group concerning single follicle ovulation rate.CONCLUSION: Administration of LE for ovulation induction in women with PCOS may produce higher rate of single follicle ovulation and better endometrial receptivity, but reduce the multiple pregnancy and incidence of OHSS, suggesting that it is favorable to ovulation induction therapy and a promising drug in PCOS patients.

Comparative study of laparoscopic appendectomy for complicated and uncomplicated acute appendicitis

WANG Ming-hai, ZHAO Guo-hai, SHI Liang-hui, CHEN Fang-zheng, XIA Ya-bin, XU Ran, WU Ze-hui, ZHAO Jun, ZHANG Yi-sheng

2013, 18(7):  794-799. 

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AIM: To investigate the effect of laparoscopic appendectomy in both complicated and uncomplicated cases of acute appendicitis.METHODS: A retrospective, observational study design was used to analyze several outcomes using the data of all laparoscopic appendectomy procedures from January 2011 to February 2013 in patients with complicated or uncomplicated appendicitis. Data on several surgical outcome measures were collected.RESULTS: A total of 149 laparoscopic appendectomy procedures performed. 133 patients with complicated or uncomplicated acute appendicitis were included in the study. There was no mortality in both CAA group with 48 cases and UCAA group with 85 cases. Preoperatively, in patients with CAA, duration of symptoms, incidence rate of diffuse peritonitis, blood leukocyte count, neutrophil percentage were significantly higher than in patients with UCAA (all P<0.05).Intraoperatively, in patients with CAA, quantity of pus, peritoneal irrigation rate, peritoneal drainage rate and operation time were significantly higher than in patients with UCAA (all P<0.05). Conversion to open surgery was necessary in 4 patients in CAA group and in 2 patients in UCAA group. Conversion rate had no significant difference between two groups (8.3% for CAA vs 2.4% for UCAA, P>0.05).Postoperatively, two groups of ambulation time, restoration of anal exhaust, incidence rate of Trocar hole infection, incidence rate of intra-abdominal abscess, incidence rate of bowel obstruction had no significant difference (P>0.05). In the two groups, the difference between the length of hospital stay and hospital costs also had no statistical significance (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic appendectomy for complicated acute appendicitis is comparable to uncomplicated acute appendicitis in terms of several surgical outcomes, although the inflammatory response in patients with complicated acute appendicitis is more serious than uncomlicated acute appendicitis. Therefore, laparoscopic technique may be a feasible, safe, and efficacious method in the therapy of complicated acute appendicitis.

Myocardial protective effects of cardioplegic solution enriched with creatine phosphate sodium in cardiopathie valvulaire with cardiac insufficiency

LIU Yu, SUN Cheng-chao, JIANG Xiao-fen

2013, 18(7):  800-803. 

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AIM: To investigate the effect of creatine phosphate sodium on myocardinm protecting in cardiopathie valvulaire with cardiac insufficiency after operation.METHODS: 82 valvular disease patients who suffering from cardiac insufficiency were randomly divided into two groups:group A using 4∶1 warm blood cardioplegia solution,and group B using the same solution but added with 10 mmol/L exogenous creatine phosphate sodium.Blood samples were collected before the extracorporeal circulation and 24 hours after the operation.Analysis of myocardial enzymes were made for detection,and the duration of mechanical ventilation,the use of vasoactive drugs were also noted down.RESULTS: The data of myocardial enzymes demostrated that in group B was lower than that in group A(P<0.05). The automatic recovery rate of heart beat in group B was much higher than that in group A and the duration of mechanical ventilation was also apparently shorter in group B than group A(P<0.05). The dosage of vasoactive drugs(dopamine,epinephrine)applied after operation was much smaller in group B than group A(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Cardioplegic soludtion enriched with creatine phosphate sodium is an effective composition which can significantly improve cardiac function recovery of cardiopathie valvulaire with cardiac insufficiency.

Effects of aerosol inhalation of hypertonic saline on severe pneumonia in children

LIU Ying, SHI Dao-hua, WANG Shi-biao, GUO Xiao-feng, ZHU Jie-jun

2013, 18(7):  804-806. 

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AIM: To observe the efficacy of aerosol inhalation of hypertonic saline on severe pneumonia in children.METHODS: Patients with severe pneumonia in the pediatric intensive care unit were randomly divided into experiment group and control group. With the same comprehensive treatment, the patients in the experiment group were treated with aerosol inhalation of hypertonic saline (4.3% NaCl) and budesonide 0.5 mg; while the patients in the control group were treated with aerosol inhalation of physiological saline (0.9% NaCl) and budesonide 0.5 mg. The time of symptoms and signs disappeared days and costs for hospitalization were observed.RESULTS: Compared with control group, the duration of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), cough and breath retraction were reduced, and the costs of hospitalization were also decreased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The better efficacy is achieved by treated with hypertonic saline in children with severe pneumonia. This strategy is worthy of clinical application.

Research development between JNK pathway and apoptosis

WEI Na, HE Hai-bo, ZHANG Chang-cheng, YUAN Ding, WANG Ting

2013, 18(7):  807-812. 

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JNK pathway is closely associated with cell differentiation, apoptosis, stress response and many hunman diseases in the past 20 years, whose biochemical function, regulation under cell physiology and pathology are constantly noticed by domestic and foreign scholars. Recently, more research suggests that it plays an important role in regulating apoptosis, and it will be an important potential target for treatment of apoptosis-associated disease by regulating JNK signal pathway. In summary, the physiological and pathophysiological functions of JNK pathway and relation with apoptosis have been reviewed.

Research progress on mechanism of let-7 expression regulation

ZHAN Min, CHEN Yao, ZHOU Hong-hao

2013, 18(7):  813-817. 

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MicroRNA let-7 regulates stem cell differentiation and normal development, as well act as tumor suppressor. Current studies found it is regulated by Lin28, histone demethylase, miR-107 and NF90-NF45 complex at transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Furthermore, there are lin28 dependent and -independent regulatory circuits to modulate the expression level of let-7. Here is to make a review on regulation of let-7 expression.

Progress on influence of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase polymorphisms on cytochrome P450 monoxyfenases

HUANG Lu, YANG Guo-ping

2013, 18(7):  818-823. 

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Cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (POR) is the only electron dornor for transferring electrons from NADPH to all microsome Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases(CYP).CYP is involved in the metabolism and transformation of drugs ,steroids and other substances. Polymorphisms and genetic variations of POR change the activity of CYP, resulting in P450 oxidoreductase deficiency (PORD), differences on drug metabolism and reaction. The review summarizes the recent research progress on influence of POR genetic polymorphisms on CYP from three parts: structure and function, disease and influence on enzymes.

Research progress on the platelet P₂Y₁₂ receptor antagonists

ZHANG Yin-zhuang, CHEN Bi-lian

2013, 18(7):  824-830. 

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Anti-platelet drugs are the essential drugs to treat the acute coronary syndromes. Among them,anti-platelet P₂Y₁₂ receptor antagonists have been the most active studying drugs to treat the patients with acute coronary syndromes. A series of drugs have been developed from basic studies to clinic studies. In this review, we discussed P₂Y₁₂ receptor antagonists including their mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, clinical researches of the acute coronary syndromes and guidelines for clinical application to provide reference for rational drugs treatment.

Research progress of pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy

PAN Da-bin, WANG Min-hui, CAO Heng

2013, 18(7):  831-836. 

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Diabetes mellitus has emerged as a major threat to worldwide health.Cardiovascular complications associated with hyperglycemia include cardiomyopathy and vasculopathy.The pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy is likely multifactorial, with experimental evidence pointing to involvement of the structural changers of cardiac muscle cell organelle(such as mitochondrion,endoplasmic reticulum), signal pathway, the variations of enzymology and gene, and inflammatory factors. These molecular and cellular events culminate in the development of cardiac fibrosis, hypertrophy, cardiac dilatation, heart failure and arrhythmia leading to cardiac dysfunction and enhanced injury. This review article expounds detailed research progress of pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Study on the pharmacology and pharmacokinetic of crocin in Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis

MEI Lei-lei, HU Xiao

2013, 18(7):  837-840. 

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Gardenia, dried from the ripe fruit of the Rubiaceous plant Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis, could be used widely. Crocin belong to natural pigments extracted from the gardenia fruit. Many studies found that crocin have a variety of pharmacology activities, such as neuro-protected effect, anti-tumor and so on. In recent years, lots of studies on pharmacology of crocin have been reported. This article summarizes the research progress of crocin on pharmacology and pharmacokinetics, in order to provide the basis for the development and clinical application of crocin.