Table of Content

10 March 2015, Volume 23 Issue 3

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Clinical application assessment of Youth Friendly Service Scale

HUA Jing,ZHU Li-ping,DONG Hai-yan,DU Li

2015, 23(3):  227-230.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-02

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Objective To analyze the status of youth friendly service in medical institutions of Shanghai based on the assessment of the validity and reliability of the scale,and to provide clues for reinforcing this service system. Methods An investigation using questionnaires were conducted.The internal reliability and construct validity of Youth Friendly Service Scale were assessed. Results The reliability and validity of the revised scale(15 items) were fair and could be applied in the study population.The service content,attitudes,and forms and quality evaluated by service recipients were high with the factor score nearing the full marks(2.69±0.193,2.77±0.181,2.67±0.186 respectively),and the total service satisfactory rate was 93.7%. Conclusion The evaluation of service content,attitudes,and forms and quality attached the high degree and partly reflect the effectiveness of the three-year public health service establishment of Shanghai.

Relative study between IL-1A rs17561 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to Tourette Syndrome

SHAO Xiao-hui,CHEN Lang,LIU Shi-guo,YI Ming-ji

2015, 23(3):  231-233.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-03

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Objective To study relationship of IL-1A rs17561 gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to Tourette syndrome (TS) in Chinese Han population. Methods A total of 300 TS patients and 291 healthy controls were included in this study.All DNA from those subjects were genotyped for IL-1A rs17561 SNP(single nucleotide polymorphisms) using predesigned Taqman probe real-time PCR genotyping assay.The genetic contribution of the SNP was evaluated using χ² test. Results The results of the genotypic and allelic distribution of IL-1A rs17561 SNP showed that the ratios of three genotype CC,CA,AA were 83.7%,16.3%,0 respectively in TS group and 81.4%,16.5%,2.1% respectively in control group,while the ratios of alleles C and A were 91.8%,8.2% respectively in TS group and 89.7%,10.3% respectively in control group.Both TS patients group and the control group were conform to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(TS:P=0.124,control:P=0.065).Significant differences were found in genotypic frequency of the SNP between TS group and control group(χ²=6.354,P=0.041),while no significant difference was found in allelic frequency(χ²=1.620,P=0.203,OR=1.293,95%CI:0.870~1.920). Conclusions IL-1A rs17561 polymorphisms may be associated with susceptibility to TS in Chinese Han population.However,the results still need to be replicated in a larger sample size and different populations.

Relationship between behavior of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbid oppositional defiant disorder and interparental conflict

HUANG Li,KUANG Gui-fang,XING Yu-han,ZHANG Nan,SHEN Gui-rong

2015, 23(3):  234-237.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-04

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Objective To explore the relationship between the interparental conflict and comorbidity in children who have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) with oppositional defiant disorder(ODD). Methods According to DSM-Ⅳ diagnostic criteria,the study involved 33(55%) ADHD children with ODD(combined group) and 27(45%) ADHD without ODD(ADHD group).The Children's Perception of Interparental Conflict Scale (CPIC) was completed by those children.Their parents completed Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).Then the data were analysed with t-test,correlation analysis and Logistic regression. Results 1)The scores of each factor and the total in CPIC of combined group were all higher than those of the ADHD group (P＜0.05).The scores of behavior problems in anxiety/depression,disobeying,attacking,extroversion and total of combined group were higher than those of the ADHD group (P＜0.05).2) Correlation analysis discovered that the social problems,attention problems,delinquent behavior,aggressive behavior and externalizing were related with interparental conflict.3)Logistic regression analysis showed that self-blame(P=0.005,OR=1.489),coping efficacy(P=0.026,OR=1.329) and conflict frequency(P=0.019,OR=1.254) were left in the model. Conclusions Children with ADHD combine ODD have more behavior problems,which are associated with interparental conflict.Self-blame,coping efficacy and conflict frequency are risk factors of ADHD comorbid with ODD.It prompts,it not only pay attention to adjusting relationship between the parents but also emphasize on how to guide the children to look reality in the inter-parental conflict in the treatment of children ADHD combine ODD.

Relationship of neglect and alienation and resilience's moderate effect

QIU Jian,YANG Qi-wei,AN Qin,TANG Ping,LI Mao-quan

2015, 23(3):  238-241.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-05

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Objective To investigate the relationship between the neglected experience and sense of alienation and the adjustment of psychological resilience. Methods Using cluster sampling,859 middle school students from Mianyang,Nanchong,Zunyi,Guiyang were selected and investigated by Child Neglect Scale (CNS),Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale (HKRA),Adolescent Students' Alienation Scale (ASAS). Results Neglected experience and alienation were significant related except environmental alienation and body ignore;Emotional control and interpersonal assist played moderate effect in the neglected experience and interpersonal alienation,also in the social alienation and neglected experience,but the explanatory power was limited. Conclusion Psychological resilience can reduce the influence of neglected experiences to the alienation in a certain extent,but their role model is complex.

Elementary school students' emotional awareness and its impact on academic performance

WANG Hai-bin,CAO Li-qing,LAN Qun,YAO Ben-xian

2015, 23(3):  242-244.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-06

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Objective To explore the elementary school students' emotional awareness and its relations to academic performance,and provide a theoretical reference for improving their academic performance. Method A total of 415 elementary school students were surveyed by the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale for Children (LEAS-C). Results 1)Elementary school students' emotional awareness was lower than mediate level,the total score of LEAS-C was 2.64±0.70,the score of self-awareness was 2.24±0.64,and the score of others awareness was 2.13±0.74;2)Emotional awareness of the elementary school students had significant difference in gender,whether the only child and grade (P<0.001 or P<0.01); 3)Emotional awareness could positively predict academic achievement effectively(γ=0.29,t=3.30,P<0.001). Conclusion Emotional awareness is an important emotional factor affecting academic performance of elementary school students.

Comparison of Synthetic House-Tree-Person Test between migrant children and resident children

ZHANG Rong-juan

2015, 23(3):  245-246.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-07

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Objective To compare the performance on the projective drawing of House-Tree-Person Tests between migrant children and resident children. Methods Synthetic House-Tree-Person Test was adopted to 78 migrant children and 87 resident children,and drawing were rated according to some encoding criteria,then scores on each item and dimension were compared between two groups. Results There were great difference in aggression (t=3.39),inferiority and withdrawal (t=6.23),depression (t=6.86) and anxiety (t=5.50) between the two groups (P all<0.01).The relationships between all the psychological dimensions were significant (r=0.28～0.59,P<0.05). Conclusion Migrant children scored higher than resident children on some mental health indicators like aggression,inferiority and withdrawal,depression and anxiety,and some efficient interference should be considered.

Study on urban toddlers' social and emotional development and its impact factors in Jiangsu province

ZHANG Dan,QIN Rui,SONG Jia,LI Jing,ZHAO Yan,HU You-fang

2015, 23(3):  247-249.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-08

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Objective To study the traits of toddlers' social and emotional development in Jiangsu province and explore influencing factors. Method Toddlers aged 12~36 months old and from Nanjing,Zhenjiang,Nantong,Yancheng and Suqian were selected using a cluster random sampling method,their attendants filled Infant Toddler Social and Emotion Assessment(ITSEA) and related factors of infant toddler development questionnaires. Results In the number of 3 083 children,there were no significant differences between male and female in externalizing scales,internalizing scales,competence scales,but boys had higher scores than girls in deregulation scales(F=4.170,P=0.040).There was significant difference between different ages in externalizing scales and competence scales(F=2.833,P=0.037;F=20.540,P=0.000).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that parents' education level,parenting style,family monthly income,postpartum mental state,feeding patterns and antenatal training affect toddlers' social and emotional development (P<0.05). Conclusion There are many factors which influence toddlers' social and emotional development,it should be in agenda to set up early intervention measures to access toddlers' social and emotional development.

Randomized controlled clinical effective study of music therapy for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

LIU Yue,ZHAO Zhi-min,JIANG Wen-qing,DU Ya-song

2015, 23(3):  250-253.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-09

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Objective To compare the effect of music therapy combined drug treatment with simple drug treatment for the child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods A total of 66 ADHD children were randomly divided into study group and control group,the study group received music therapy combined with methylphenidate hydrochloride sustained-release agent(Concerta),the control group only received Concerta.The Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ),Parents version Children Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ) were used to assess ADHD symptoms before treatment and after 16 weeks treatment in the two group. Results 1) The factor scores of SDQ after treatment had significant differences in conduct subtype,hyperactivity subtype,and total difficulty between the study group and control group.The score of mood subtype of SDQ in study group had a significant decrease when received treatment,there was significant difference(P<0.05);2) The factor scores of PSQ after treatment had significant differences in subtype of learning problem,conduct,hyperactivity,and hyperactivity index between the study group and control group(P<0.05).3)After the treatment,the factor scores of mood,peer communication,total difficulty of study group in SDQ were less than those of control group,the differences had statistical significances(P<0.05).4) After the treatment,the factor score of conduct of study group in PSQ was less than that of control group,the difference had a statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion The treatment of music therapy combined drug had a better improvement for ADHD symptoms compare to simple drug treatment.

Study on the relationship between family factors and psychological behavior in children with idiopathic epilepsy

LIU Yue-ying,CHENG Zao-huo,NI Hong,JIN Zhi-yan

2015, 23(3):  254-256.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-10

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Objective To investigate the psychological behavior and related family factors in children with idiopathic epilepsy,and to explore the association between psychological behavior and related family factors. Methods A total of 35 epilepsy children and 35 health control children were included and evaluated with the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-rating depression scale(SDS),Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV) and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU).Moreover,the associations between psychological behavior and family factors were analyzed. Results A significant higher ratio of abnormal behavior was found in children with epilepsy than health control (P<0.01).A significant increasing of parental anxiety and depression (P<0.05),decreased degree of intimacy,expressed emotion and entertainment,and increased family conflict and control were found in children with epilepsy.Moreover,parental rearing pattern showed that emotional warmth score was significantly lower in epilepsy children than health children (P<0.05).The correlation analysis showed that a positive association was found between parental depression score and total psychological behavior scores in children with epilepsy (r=0.36,P<0.05). Conclusion A significant higher risk of abnormal psychological behavior could be found in children with epilepsy,and the family factor could be one of the incentives.

Clinical characteristics of symptom of autism based on DSM criteria and ABC evaluation

LI Gai-zhi,JIANG Wen-qing,DU Ya-song,JIANG Ling-xiao,LIU Wen-wen,YANG Cao-hua

2015, 23(3):  257-260.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-11

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Objective To know the characteristics of symptoms in autism,and to understand the diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in DSM-Ⅴ. Methods Children with autism were diagnosed using DSM-Ⅳ criteria and assessed by Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) in Shanghai Mental Health Center.Then the positive rates of each item in DSM-Ⅳ and ABC,and the difference of every item in DSM-Ⅳ between gender/age were analysed. Results 1)Among 466 autistic children,the highest positive rates of qualitative impairment in social interaction,communication,restricted repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior,interest and activities,delays or abnormal functioning were 95.3%,84.8%,79.8%,92.9% respectively.There were differences among ages on marked impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors;marked impairment in the ability to initiate or sustain a conversation with others; stereotyped and repetitive use of language or idiosyncratic language;apparently inflexible adherence to specific,nonfunctional routines or rituals; delays or abnormal functioning in social interaction.There was difference between boys and girls in language as used in social communication,persistent preoccupation with parts of objects.2) 263 of 466 children diagnosed by DSM-Ⅳ children met DSM-Ⅴ part A.3) The positive rates ranged from 34.2%~94% in ABC,there was difference between genders on item 27. Conclusions With DSM-Ⅴ,the diagnosis of ASD may decrease,social communication and language may get better with age,but the behavior may get worse.Gender may be not the primary factor that affect the symptoms.

Influences of imaginary companion on 5~6 years old children's development of peer acceptance

LIN Qi-yi,CHENG Li-guo,SHU Wen

2015, 23(3):  261-264.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-12

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Objective To explore the influences of imaginary companion on 5 to 6 years old children's development of peer acceptance. Methods Firstly double interview process was used to determine who had imaginary companions or not.Secondly peer nomination was used to evaluate the development of peer acceptance of all the children. Results 1)Among the 101 participants,31 children had one or more imaginary companions,accounting for 30.7% of the total.Most imaginary companions were personified objects and the fantasy imaginary companions only accounted for a very low percent of them.2)According to the results of Chi-Square test,the distribution of imaginary companion on different peer acceptance type was significant different (χ²=9.011,P＜0.05).The children with imaginary companions were more divided into the accepted group and less divided into the rejected group.It seemed that they were more popular among the peers.3)According to the different dimensions of the peer acceptance,the imaginary companion was an effective predict factor for the social choosing scores(ΔR²=0.09 ). Conclusion As one of the most important and complicated pretend play of 5 to 6 years old children,the imaginary companion provides a chance of rehearsal for the children's peer relationship objectively,it may have a positive influence on the children's development of peer acceptance.

Effects of crawl space sports training from early age on psychological behavior of rats

WANG Ya-li,QI Jiang-tong,DU Kai-qi,ZHANG Jin-long,CHEN Guo-jun,XIANG Chun-sheng,WANG Jin-fu

2015, 23(3):  265-268.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-13

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Objective To observe effects of crawl space sports training from early age on psychological behavior of rats. Methods A total of 25 newborn rats were randomly divided into control group (n=13) and exercise group (n=12).The newborn rats of the exercise group were trained by space motion for four weeks.Rats of 36~37 day-old was measured on the psychological behavior by animal behavior platform,which included Rota-Rod instrument and open-field test instrument. Results 1) The landing latency of exercise group was significantly longer than that of the control group (t=3.031,P<0.01).2) The number of cross grid in exercise group was fewer than that in control group (t=3.710,P<0.01).The activity time in the center area was shorter than that of the control group (t=4.259,P<0.01).The activity time in the peripheral area was longer than that of the control group (t=3.018,P<0.01).3) 5 minutes time-phased analysis showed less activity distance was in first five minutes and shorter activity time was in later five minutes in the center area by. Conclusions The crawl space sports training from early age increased rats' cognitive ability and emotional stability facing new environment.There is a significant increase in rat's motor coordination.

Neglect status and influential factors in 85 rural middle school students

WANG Jing,LUO Xiao-ming,FENG Li-juan,QU Hong-ping,JIN Hua,GU Gui-xiong

2015, 23(3):  284-286.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-19

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Objective To understand the neglect status and survey influencing factors for middle school students in rural areas. Methods According to the principle of informed consent and voluntary,90 middle school students were selected as respondents using multistage stratified random sampling method."The Middle School Students Neglect Assessment Scale" was used for questionnaire investigation.Neglect status evaluated and influencing factors were analyzed by prevalence and degree of neglect. Results 1)The prevalence and degree of the survey were 35.29% and 47.75% respectively.And the neglect prevalence of the survey was higher than the result of middle school students in urban areas of China(χ²=7.200,P<0.01).But there was no significant difference between the degrees of neglect.2)A majority of students were ignored in single aspect and a minority of students were ignored in many aspects.3)Students had suffered more serious neglects at the aspects of emotion and education,and the discrepant neglect items included parents were concerned about their children's emotional problems,parents help their children build self-confidence,the school pay attention to the all-round development of children(P<0.01).4)Main risk factors of neglect for middle school students included gender and the relationship between children and their fathers. Conclusions The middle school students in rural areas are more likely to be ignored in China.They are neglected most seriously in the aspects of education and emotion.Family,school and the whole society should actively prevent the occurrence of neglect.

Abdominal obesity effect on inflammatory factors and metabolic syndrome

HU Wei,YIN Chun-yan,XIAO Yan-feng

2015, 23(3):  287-289.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-20

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Objective Abdominal obesity is the initial factor of a series of metabolic disorders,therefore,the aim was to study the relation between abdominal obesity and inflammatory factor level,metabolic syndrome,and to provide the theoretical basis for the treatment of abdominal obesity. Methods A total of 85 cases of obese children were as subjects who were from the pediatric endocrine clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2011 to 2012.According to the waist circumference,subjects were divided into abdominal obesity group and non-abdominal obesity group.Objects' height,weight,waist circumference and hip circumference were measured,fasting blood glucose,blood lipid,hs-CRP and visfatin levels were detected too. Results Body mass index(BMI),waist circumference,waist to hip ratio of abdominal obese children were significantly higher than those of non abdominal obese children (P<0.05);Abdominal obesity group of metabolic syndrome prevalence was higher than that in non abdominal obesity group (P<0.05);Comparison of children with abdominal obesity with non abdominal obesity,prevalence of hypertension,high blood sugar,high TG level and low HDL-C level had a statistical difference between the two groups;The level of C-reactive protein and visfatin levels were significantly higher than those in non abdominal obesity group. Conclusions Abdominal obesity children than non abdominal obesity are more likely to develop metabolic syndrome,and children with abdominal fat distribution more closely related to triglyceride and body inflammatory cytokines increased.Therefore,obesity,especially abdominal obesity should be actively prevented and controled.

Gratitude and life satisfaction among left-behind children:the mediating effect of anxiety and Depression

WEI Chang,YU Cheng-fu,HONG Xiao-zhu,ZHENG Yuan-hao,ZHOU Sha-sha,SUN Guo-jian

2015, 23(3):  290-291.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-21

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Objective To explore the relationship between gratitude,anxiety and depression and life satisfaction among left behind children. Method A total of 363 left-behind children completed questionaires regarding gratitude,anxiety and depression,and life satisfaction. Results Regression analysis indicated that the positive association between gratitude and left-behind children's life satisfaction (b=0.15,P<0.01),which was partially mediated by anxiety and depression (Z=2.06,P<0.05). Conclusion Gratitude is a powerful protective factor for life satisfaction of left behind children,and anxiety and depression function as a bridge among this connection.

Current situation and influencing factors of child neglect among 403 students aged 9~11 years old in rural areas

HAN Fang,QIN Ming-fang,MA Chun-ming,PAN Jian-ping,JIAO Feng

2015, 23(3):  292-294.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-22

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Objective To understand the situation of children neglect in rural primary school of Yunnan province,and provide the corresponding decision and reference for relevant departments. Method Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the situation of 403 students in three areas of Yunnan province. Results The total neglect rate of 403 students aged 9~11 years old in rural areas was 31.3%,the total neglect degree was 44.44±9.20.Logistic regression analysis showed:female,non-left-behind children,parents work place stability were protective factors for ignoring the situation;the core family,children had not a private room,the relationship between the parents generally were risk factors for ignoring situation. Conclusion Left-behind children are neglected seriously,the government should give more policy attention.

Psychological health status among left-behind children in underdeveloped areas of Guangdong province

LIN Xi-jun,LIU Ke,HE Sui-zhi,PEI Yong-guang,WANG Yun,LI Min

2015, 23(3):  295-297.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-23

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Objective To identify the status of mental health among left-behind children and related factors in underdeveloped areas of Guangdong province. Methods In this descriptive study,a total of 268 children aged 10~17 years old in the areas were selected by cluster sampling.The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (the edition for students,SDQ) was used to measure status of mental health of children. Results 10% of left-behind children experienced emotional symptoms,16.5% had conduct problems,11.4% exhibited hyperactivity/inattention,12.7% had peer relationship problems and 12.7% had prosocial behaviors.The prevalence of conduct problems,hyperactivity/inattention and prosocial behaviors among left-behind children were significantly higher than those among non-left-behind children (P<0.05).Results from multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that parents not coming back to visit their children often (OR=6.18,95%CI:1.19~32.20) and children studying in boarding schools (OR=5.56,95%CI:1.13~27.40) might predicted higher prevalence of emotional problems.Male (OR=5.03,95%CI:1.38~18.39),boarding (OR=6.33,95%CI:1.20~33.56) and not contacting with parents often (OR=3.67,95%CI:1.08~12.42) were risk factors to hyperactivity/inattention.Children left behind less than 4 years (OR=3.90,95%CI:1.40~10.82) had higher prevalence of peer relationship problems.Children aged between 13~15 years old (OR=18.94,95%CI:2.11~170.16) and not used to pouring out (OR=9.82,95%CI:2.14~45.17),doing less sport (OR=10.25,95%CI:2.08~50.44) and contacting with their parents less frequently (OR=5.79,5%CI:1.20~27.83) predicted higher prevalence of prosocial behavior. Conclusion The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems is high among left-behind children living the underdeveloped areas of Guangdong Province.

Analysis of Gesell Developmental Scale of children aged 2~3 years old with autism spectrum disorder or with developmental language disorders

ZOU Yuan-yuan,ZHANG Su-qing,HUANG Shi-ju,ZOU Xiao-bing

2015, 23(3):  298-299.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-24

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Objective To provide evidences for early diagnosis and intervention by comparing the Gesell's intelligence development characteristics of 2～3 years old children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or with developmental language disorders (DLD). Method A total of 75 children with ASD and 71 children with DLD were divided into two groups respectively.Assessments and analysis of developmental assessment of Gesell Developmental Scale were made between the two groups. Results Five dimensions of Gesell Developmental Scale in ASD children were below normal (gross motor and fine motor could exceed the language area and personal-social area).The population means of all dimensions of ASD children were statistically lower than DLD children's and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion Intellectual development of the ASD children is lower than the DLD children.Gesell Developmental Scale is helpful to the auxiliary diagnosis of ASD.

Study on the effect of social support on self-awareness of left-behind children

LIU Zi-ying,ZHANG Chen

2015, 23(3):  300-302.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-25

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Objective To explore the effect of social support on self-awareness of left-behind children,and to afford the intervention basis for psychological health of left-behind children. Method A total of 100 left-behind children were researched by Social Supporting Rating Scale(SSRS)and Children,s Self-Concept Scale(PHCSS),and compared with 100 non-left-behind children. Results The total scores of SSRS and PHCSS of left-behind children were respectively 29.84±2.48 and 46.68 ±8.91,which were significantly lower than those of non-left-behind children[(36.14±3.29) and (55.26±9.15),t=15.29,6.72,P<0.01],the correlation analysis showed there was highly positive correlation between the scores of SSRS and PHCSS(P<0.01). Conclusion Social support is the important prediction factor of self-awareness of the left-behind children,the social should give them more support to improve their personality and psychological health.

Meta-analysis of children with tic disorder treated with Topiramate and Haloperidol

ZHENG Wei,ZHANG Nan,YANG Jian-hong,LI Xian-bin,MA Xin,XIANG Ying-qiang

2015, 23(3):  303-306.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-26

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Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of Topiramate and Haloperidol in the treatment of children with tic disorder. Methods The randomized controlled trials about children with tic disorder treated with Topiramate and Haloperidol published before January 2014,were searched in the PubMed,EBSCO,EMbase,Ovid,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang Date and VIP.Some published references were hand-searched.Two reviewers independently screened the literatures,extracted the data and evaluated quality.Meta analysis was conducted by Revman 5.1 and Stata 12.0 software. Results Sixteen RCTs involving 1 148 patients [treatment group (n=609);control group (n=539)] were included.Ages were 2.5 to 17 years old.Meta-analysis of motor tic scores,vocal tic scores,comprehensive damage scores and severity scores indicated the treatment group was superior to the control group [Mean difference (Inverse Variance,Random) -13.58 to -4.58 (95%CI:-22.44~-1.32)].Meta-analysis of the number of tic symptom improvement showed the treatment group was superior to the control group (OR=1.71,95%CI:1.22~2.39).Meta-analysis of the number of adverse events showed the treatment group was superior to the control group(OR=0.42,95%CI:0.24~0.75). Conclusion Topiramate has more advantage than haloperidol in the efficacy and safety for children with tic disorder,especially Tourette syndrome.

Telephone survey of 776 high-risk infants based on development checklist of preschool children in Taipei

LONG Xiang,YANG Hong,ZHAI Xiao-wei,CHEN Ming,MAO Hong-fang,SHI Wei,ZHENG Ling-yi,ZHOU Jie

2015, 23(3):  307-309.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-27

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Objective To assess developmental problems of high-risk infants,based on the investigation of the development of high-risk infants' ability in action,vision,hearing,sense and other various dimensions by the method of telephone questionnaire. Methods Based on development checklist of preschool children in Taipei,suspicious or abnormal children in terms of GMs results in 2009-2011 were investigated and the developmental situation of high-risk children were evaluated. Results In 776 samples by telephone,584 responses were effective,and the rate of effective responses was 75.3%.Children's gender,number of GMs screening and screening results,children's residence did not affect the willingness to accept the investigation by telephone. Conclusion The telephone survey perfects the follow-up work of high-risk infants for a long time,the scientific setting of questionnaire is an important part of investigation and make the investigation more practical and acceptable.

Analysis on the current neglect state of urban pupil aged 6~11 years old in Jiamusi

HUO Ting-ting,ZHU Li-ling,ZHOU Xian-jun

2015, 23(3):  310-312.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-28

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Objective To find out the neglect state of urban pupil in Jiamusi and to provide a base for projecting scientific intervention measures. Methods A total of 1 189 pupils (of whom males were 50.77% and minority nationality were 5.00% ) were multistage stratified randomly sampled from Jiamusi.They were investigated by Evaluation Questionnaire of Child Neglect of Urban Pupil Aged 6~11 Years in China.SPSS 13.0 was employed for statistics analysis. Results The average neglect frequency and degree was 37.0%,43.0±7.6 for pupils aged 6~8 and 25.7%,43.6±8.9 for pupils aged 9~11 respectively.The average neglect frequency of pupil aged 6~8 was higher than the whole country(P<0.01).The neglect degree of pupil aged 9~11 had significant differences with the neglect degree of China.The neglect degree of pupil aged 6~8 was higher than that of the pupil's aged 9~11(P<0.01).The average neglect frequency and the neglect degree of male and female had significant differences(P<0.01).For six neglect types,frequencies was 0.19%~20.00% for pupils aged 6~8,and frequencies was respectively 0.35%~15.78% for pupils aged 9~11,the male's neglect frequency and degree were higher than the femail's on different neglect types.All pupils suffered neglect mainly on one of the six neglect types (frequency being 20.0% for pupils aged 6~8 and frequency 17.2% for pupils aged 9~11,and 20.25% for boys,16.82% for girls). Conclusion Neglect degree and frequency of urban pupils aged 6~11 in urban city of Jiamusi are high.The neglect degree of pupil aged 6 and 10 are lower than others.More attention should be paid to children by parents,school,society and media.

Relative factors analysis of the compliance of methylphenidate for children with attential deficit hyperactivity disorder aided by the behavior intervention techniques of the school and family

YU Jie,XU Mei-yu,ZHAO Jian-mei,ZHOU Hui,GU Dong-ming,CAI Qun

2015, 23(3):  313-315.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-29

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Objective To analyse the relative factors of the compliance of methylphenidate for children with attential deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) aided by the behavior intervention techniques of the school and family. Methods A total of 190 cases of ADHD were followed up,treated by the comprehensive treatment of the behavior modification techniques of the school family aiding methylphenidate,and investigated with self edited general questionnaire,Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version(FES-CV)to test the status of children,their families and their parents,and the relative factors of ADHD children's comprehensive treatment compliance were analyzed. Results The follow-up period was 24 months,with 68(35.79%) children persisting to 6 months,45(23.68%) persisting to 12 months,25(13.16%) persisting to 18 months and 21(11.05%) to 24 months.Multiple step-wise regression analysis suggested that the factors improving the compliance of ADHD children's comprehensive treatment included index of hyperactivity deduction rate,the time their parents spend attending publicity and education of the ADHD treatment,the period their parents received education,intimacy and organization of family environment (standardized regression coefficients were 0.36,0.34,0.39,0.26 and 0.31 respectively).The reducing factors were the side effect of children,the depression score and the anxiety score of their elder members of the family or the contradiction of the family environment(standardized regression coefficients were -0.24,-0.19,-0.42 and -0.32 respectively). Conclusion The good compliance of ADHD comprehensive treatment results from long duration of diseases,high cultural level of their elder members of the family,excellent intimacy family environment and organization,much publicity and education from specialist,whereas inter-generational attending,the depression and anxiety feelings of their elder members of the family and high conflict of family environment decrease the compliance.

Effect of post-discharge formula to preterm and low-birth-weight infants after hospital

QUE Sheng-Shun,SUN Fu-qiang,LI Ge

2015, 23(3):  316-318.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-30

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Objective To investigate the effect of post-discharge formula (PDF) to preterm and low-birth-weight infants. Methods A total of 59 preterm and low-birth-weight infants discharged from The NICU of the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University were chosen for this study.According to feeding pattern,they were assigned to two groups:breast milk (BM)+PFT-fed(group Ⅰ,n=29),PDF-fed(group Ⅱ,n=30).Their body weight,length and head circumference and so on were measured for 6 months after hospital.These indices were calculated and compared respectively on every month after feeding. Results There were no significant differences on gender,gestational age and birth weight between groupⅠ and groupⅡ (P>0.05).There were no difference on body weight and Kaup index until the end of 3^rd month (P<0.05),and the growth of the groupⅡwas faster than that of groupⅠ.There was no difference on length until the end of 4^rd month (P<0.05),and the growth of groupⅡwas faster than that of groupⅠ.Group Ⅱhad a greater head circumference than groupⅠafter the fifth month (P<0.05).And at the fifth and sixth month,the Hemoglobin value also showed diference between two groups (P<0.05).There were no differences on Ca,P,alkline phosphatase (AKP) after feeding. Conclusions Compared with those fed with BM+PTF after hospital,feeding with PDF can help to achieve catch-up growth.Feeding with PDF may be better than those fed with BM+PTF.

Antenatal and postnatal situation survey of 202 cases children with autism and its influential factors in Shenzhen city

GAO Jian,SONG Hui,DUAN Yong-heng,JIA Qiu-li,LIN Sheng,LIU Zhi-qiang,ZHANG Ling-hua,XIE Li-chun,ZENG Xu-chun,GU Xue-ying,DUAN Shan

2015, 23(3):  319-320.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-31

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Objective To investigate the influential factors of children with autism. Method The data of 202 children with autism were analyzed with SPSS18.0 software. Results The sex ratios of male:female was 6.48∶1;The reproductive age of father and mother was (30.76±4.09)y and (27.67±3.55)y respeatively,up to 93.9% father's age was beyond 26,also,34.0% of the mother of autistic reported who had diseases during the gestation period;For the following reasons,the selection of cesarean section accounted for 55.2%,such as fetal distress(20.0%),failed trial of labor (13.3%) and amniotic fluid abnormality(12.2%),and so on;During infancy,43.30% of the autistics children had suffered with illness,among which pathological neonatal jaundice accounted for 38.1%. Conclusion Fetal distress,pathological neonatal jaundice and advanced paternal age are all may be one of the influential factors of autism.

Study on the prevalence of behavioral problems among 2 208 children aged 2~3 years old of Liuzhou City

CHEN Ling,LI Hong-hui,WEI Wen-xi,ZHANG Yu

2015, 23(3):  321-322.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-32

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Objective To explore the prevalence of behavioral problems among children aged 2~3 years old in Liuzhou city. Method A total of 2 208 children aged 2~3 years old in Liuzhou were surveyed by using the Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 2～3 years old during June to August,2014. Results The prevalence of behavioral problems of children aged 2~3 years old in Liuzhou was 35.91%.The prevalence of 2 years old children (41.88%)was higher than that of 3 years old children (33.38%) (χ²=14.531,P＜0.05),but there was no statistical differences between boys(35.49%) and girls (36.39%),(χ²=0.195,P＞0.05).Aggressive behaviour had the highest prevalence rate in all behavioral problems; there was significant difference between 2 and 3 years old children (χ²=26.474,P＜0.05),but no significant difference was observed between boys and girls (χ²=0.140,P＞0.05). Conclusions The behavioral problems among children aged 2~3 years old in Liuzhou city are outstanding.Therefore,it is urgency to launch health education on child psychological and behavioral development to improve the attention of parents; furthermore,it is necessary to formulate targeted prevention measures about psychological health of children.

Analysis of early screening results of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants

ZHANG Yan-li

2015, 23(3):  323-325.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-33

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Objective To evaluate the significance of early screening and intervention of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infant in primary child health. Methods In adminster districts 2 519 children at age of 1 to 3 months were taken hip special physical examination.A total of 801 infants with positive check-up signs were examined by hip ultrasound with Graf's method.The screening results were analyzed. Results A total of 59 cases of DDH were detected in 2 519 infants with the morbidity of 2.34%;The DDH of male were 10 while female were 49,with obviously more female than male;The two clinical examinations had the biggest significant if they were combined. Conclusion DDH early screening in primary child health care has very important significance in striving for the optimal timing of correction and treatment for the disease.

Cross-sectional investigation of knowledge-attitude-behavior model into breastmilk storage in Nanjing

ZHANG Yuan,LIANG Guan-yu,LIU Na,WU Jiao-jiao,CUI Yu-gui,LIU Jia-yin,QIN Rui

2015, 23(3):  326-327.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-34

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Objective To investigate the current situation of Knowledge-Attitude-Behavior Model(KAB) of women in breastfeeding period on preserving breastmilk in Nanjing city. Methods A total of 210 women with breastmilk were randomly recruited in child health care clinic of Jiangsu Province Hospital during the period of April,2013-May,2013,and collected their general information,their present state of KAB on preserving breastmilk. Results 80.49% subjects obtained some knowledge relative to preserving breastmilk from the internet and hospitals.62.27% subjects considered 24 hours as the acceptable longest cold storage time.44.85% subjects considered 1 month as the acceptable longest freeze storage time.47.8% subjects experienced breastmilk preservation,of which 54.17% didn't reuse the stored breastmilk,because of worrying the reduced nutrients,contamination and nauseous taste.The educated degrees and feeding patterns of subjects were significantly correlated with the KAB on the breastmilk preservation. Conclusions Breastmilk is generally stored by ways of cold and freeze model,and the reuse rate of them is quite low.For elevating the rate,more effective knowledge propagation on breastmilk preservation to vast pregnant and delivery women are necessary.

Multivariate analysis of perionetal influence factors associated with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

WANG Jin-hua

2015, 23(3):  328-331.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-35

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Objective To explore influence factors associate with neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Methods A total of 70 NRDS cases were selected as observation group,while 84 neonates without NRDS borned during corresponding period were selected as control group.Perinatal clinical data were collected and analyzed. Results 1) One way analysis showed age of pregnant women and proportion of male,intrauterine infection,selective caesarean section,amniotic fluid aspiration,in utero distress and intrapartum asphyxia in observation group were significantly greater than those in control group (P<0.05),while gestational age and proportion of antenatal corticosteroids were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05).2) Logistic regression analysis showed age of pregnant women (OR=1.7,P<0.001) and proportion of low birth weight (OR=10.2,P=0.004),male (OR=3.7,P=0.04),selective caesarean section (OR=6.2,P=0.002),and intrapartum asphyxia (OR=11.3,P=0.025) were independent risk factors for NRDS,while gestational age (OR=0.6,P=0.002) and proportion of antenatal corticosteroids (OR=0.1,P<0.001) were independent protective factors. Conclusion Age of pregnant women and low birth weight,male,selective caesarean section,and intrapartum asphyxia can increase the risk of NRDS,while gestational age and antenatal corticosteroids can reduce the risk of NRDS.

Curative effect of scalp acupuncture and comprehensive education rehabilitation on children with autistic spectrum disorders

ZHOU Qing-rui,JING Yu-zhen,WANG Hong-mei,LI Neng-lian

2015, 23(3):  332-335.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-36

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Objective To observe the curative effect of scalp acupuncture and comprehensive education rehabilitation on children with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD). Methods A total of 116 cases of 2～6 years old children with ASD were divided into two groups,the control group with comprehensive education rehabilitation therapy,and the observation group with comprehensive education rehabilitation on the basis of application of scalp acupuncture(1 time/d),and the patients rested for 2 days every weeks.Effects were evaluated with Childhood Autism Rating Scale( CARS),Autism Behavior Checklist(ABC),Infant-Junior Middle school Social Adaptive Capacity Scale(SM),the Children's Mental Development Diagnosis Scale( 0~6 years old) at begin and after 6 months. Results After 6 months of treatment,the scores in CARS and ABC were lower apparently in observation group than those before treatment (both P<0.01),and the scores in CARS and ABC were lower than those in control group (both P<0.01);In observation group,the scores in SM and DQ were improved obviously after treatment (P<0.01),which were all higher than those in control group ( both P<0.01). Conclusion Scalp acupuncture combined with comprehensive education rehabilitation can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of the autistic spectrum disorders,effectively relieve childhood autism symptoms and enhance the developmental quotient and social adaptive ability.