Table of Content

Volume 16 Issue 8
26 August 2011

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Comparative study on enriching blood effect of Fo-shou-san with different ethanol extraction

HUANG Mei-yan, LI Wei-xia, TANG Yu-ping, GUO Jian-ming, SHANG Er-xin, LIU Xin, LIU Li, DUAN Jin-ao

2011, 16(8):  841-846. 

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AIM: To study the enriching blood effect of Fo-shou-san (FSS) extracted with different ethanol concentration on blood deficiency animal and approach the action characteristics of enriching blood.METHODS: The blood deficient mice model was induced by injection of phenylhydrazine and cyclophosphamide. The body weight of mice was recorded during the induction of model. After the model was established, blood was collected from the retroorbital plexus, and the blood routine, thymus index, spleen index, and liver index were determined.Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver were detected by colorimetric method and xanthine oxidase method, respectively.Those indexes were calculated to a single index by the weight coefficient method for exploring the total enriching blood effect.RESULTS: FSS extracted with different ethanol concentration could increase the number of white blood cell, red blood cell, platelet and hematocrit in model mice; increase weight, thymus index, and spleen index of model mice, while decrease liver index of model mice; and increase the activity of T-AOC and SOD in liver. The order of FSS extracted with different concentration of ethanol on total enriching blood effect was: 40%>30%>20%>50%>15%>70%>10%>5%>95%>0%.CONCLUSION: FSS extracted with different ethanol concentration has the activity of enriching blood on blood deficiency model mice, and 40% ethanol extraction showed the best effect.

Experimental study of proliferation and C-erbB2 expression of lung cancer cells induced by cell differentiation agent-Ⅱ

WANG Hong-yan, TU Yong-sheng, XIE Xiao-bin

2011, 16(8):  847-851. 

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AIM: To investigate the effects of CDA-Ⅱ (Uroacitide) which is a healthy human urine extraction on proliferation and C-erbB2 expression of human lung cancer cell line A549.METHODS: The effect of CDA-Ⅱ on cellular viability was determined by CCK-8 assay.The change of C-erbB2 expression in A549 cells induced by CDA-Ⅱ was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.RESULTS: After A549 cells were treated with various concentration of CDA-Ⅱ, cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner.The expression of C-erbB2 was downregulated in A549 cells induced by CDA-Ⅱ.CONCLUSION: CDA-Ⅱ can inhibit the growth of A549 cells associated with downregulation of C-erbB2, which indicates that C-erbB2 is involved in CDA-Ⅱ induced proliferation inhibition of A549 cells.

Determination of Clofarabine in rat plasma and the pharmacokinetic research

MA Zhang-qing, HONG Zong-yuan, LUAN Jia-jie

2011, 16(8):  852-855. 

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AIM: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of Clofarabine concentration in the plasma of rats and calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters.METHODS: All the samples were separated on a Agilent ODS Hypersil C18 analytical column(150 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) by a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(16∶84).The analytical column temperature was 30 ℃, the ultraviolet detection wavelength was at 263 nm, and the flow rate was 1.2 mL/min.The dosage of 30 mg/kg was used for the intravenous injection of Clofarabine before we took blood from each rat at 0.17, 0.33, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0 and 8.0 h post administration. The plasma concentration of Clofarabine was measured by HPLC.RESULTS: The chromatographic peak of Clofarabine was separated completely with the impurities in rat plasma.Good linearity was found over the range of 0.05-20.0 μg/mL for Clofarabine determination (the linear equation was y=21.758x-0.9155, r=0.999910). The recovery of methodology was 95%~105%, the inter- and intra-day precisions were both less than 10%.The concentration time curve of Clofarabine in rat could be fitted to two compartment model, and the major pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: A=14.20±2.45,B=1.81±0.51,CL =(2.91±0.47) L·h^-1·kg^-1,AUC_(0-t)=(10.22±1.88) mg·L^-1·h,t_1/2β=(2.03±0.16) h.CONCLUSION: This method is selective and sensitive for Clofarabine determination, and can also be used in pharmacokinetic research. The drug shows us a two-compartment model in rat plasma, and it's half-life in plasma of rats was 2 h.

Protective effect of cistanchis glycosides on ethanol-induced damage in the primary hepatocytes of mice

LUO Hui-ying, LIU Yuan, YANG Huan

2011, 16(8):  856-861. 

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AIM: To discuss the protection of cistanchis glycosides on ethanol-induced damage in the primary hepatocyte of mice.METHODS: The primary hepatocytes were collected by perfusion in situ method. The cell livability was evaluated by MTT, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the cell apoptosis and necrosis, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of bcl-2 and c-fos.RESULTS: After the primary hepatocytes were damaged by alcohol,the cell livability decreased, apoptosis and necrosis were obvious,the expression of bcl-2 was decreased while that of c-fos was increased.Cistanchis glycosides could increase the cell livability, ameliorate apoptosis and necrosis, increase the expression of bcl-2, and decrease the expression of c-fos in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: The protective effects of cistanchis glycosides on ethanol-induced liver damage in the primary hepatocytes is associated with increasing the expression of bcl-2, and decreasing the expression of c-fos; resulting less apoptosis, less necrosis, and increasing the cell livability.

Effect of twelve-degree of polymerization heparin oigosaccharide on proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells

LI Wei, CHEN Li-ping, LI Li, XU Guang-lin, HE Shu-ying

2011, 16(8):  862-866. 

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AIM: To investigate the effects of 12-degree of polymerization heparin oigosaccharid (dp12) on proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and to analyze their activated signal transduction pathways.METHODS: In this study, the proliferation of VSMCs of bovine thoracic aorta was induced by 10% NCS and the effects of dp12 on VMSCs proliferation followed upon different concentrations. MTT assay was evaluated to indicate the proliferation of VSMCs; flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle; the ERK mRNA and phosphor protein of ERK were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western-blotting respectively.RESULTS: MTT assay showed the inhibitory effects of dp12 on VSMCs induced by 10% NCS; flow cytometry revealed that the inhibited proliferation was a result of the interference of VSMCs entering S phase from G₁ phase; western-blotting and RT-PCR profiles proved that dp12 inhibited the transcription and phosphorylation of ERK1/2.CONCLUSION: 12-Degree of polymerization heparin oigosaccharid inhibits the VSMCs entering S phase from G₁ phase, it also inhibits the transcripttion and phosphorylation of ERK1/2, which might be the putative anti-proliferation mechanism of VSMCs.

Therapeutic time window of MC-002 on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats

ZENG Sheng-nan, HE Guang-wei, WU Qiang, YUAN Xiao-yan, WU Yu-lin

2011, 16(8):  867-873. 

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AIM: To investigate therapeutic time window of MC-002 on the focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion rats.METHODS: The models with cerebral ischemicre-reperfusion were induced by intraluminal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) with a nylon monofilament suture, 2 h occlusion followed by 22 h reperfusion. Therapeutic medicine was intravenously administered after reperfusion for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 h. The effect of MC-002 at different doses on neurological scores, infarct sizes, water contents, pathological changes and the biochemical indexes of CIRI rats were examined.RESULTS: MC-002 administered at 0, 0.5, 1, 2 h after reperfusion significantly improved the CIRI rats' neurological function and reduced the cerebral infarct size and edema; The content of MDA and LD in brain were markedly decreased (P<0.05 and P<0.01), and the activity of SOD was significantly enhanced (P<0.01). The pathological observations showed that neuronal cells shape and number were obviously improved after treated with MC-002 compared with model groups.CONCLUSION: The results showed that the therapeutic time window of MC-002 extended for up to 2 h after CIRI.

In vivo and in vitro anti-tumor effects of elemene on B-cell lymphoma cell line Raji

XU Xi, ZHUANG Yan, ZHANG Sheng-hui, YU Kang

2011, 16(8):  874-878. 

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AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effects of elemene on B-cell lymphoma cell line Raji in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Raji cells were incubated with indicated concentrations of elemene. The growth of Raji cells were observed by CCK-8 colorimetric assay, apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, analysis of nuclear morphology were observed with DAPI staining, cell cycles were analyzed by PI staining. And its in vivo anti-tumor effect on transplanted Raji cells in SCID mice was detected as well.RESULTS: Raji cells viability in presence of elemene decreased markedly in a dose and time dependent manner. The apoptosis could be induced by elemene and its level increased following the augmentation of the drug concentration. The characteristic apoptosis nuclei were observed in DAPI staining after elemene treatment. A concentration dependent increase of cells in G₀/G₁ phase, a decrease in S phase and G₂/M phase were detected. Elemene had a great ability to inhibit the growth of Raji cells in SCID mice.CONCLUSION: Elemene can significantly inhibit the growth of Raji cells, its function is performed by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycles in G₀/G₁ phase.

effects of herbal medicine of reinforcing kidney and removing blood stasis on rats with aplastic anemia and its effect on secretary of periphery 5-HT

HOU Zhan-wen, LI Jian-yun, LIU Yuan-sheng

2011, 16(8):  879-883. 

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AIM: To study the therapeutic effect of herbal medicine of reinforcing kidney and removing blood stasis on rats with aplastic anemia, and analyzed its effect on secretary of periphery 5-HT.METHODS: Male SD rats were randomized into 4 groups: blank group, model group, TCM (traditional Chinese medicine) group, TCM+ketanserin group (ketanserin 1 mg·kg^-1·d^-1). The peripheral blood of rats in each group were taken at the 0, 7th, 12th, 16th day. The concentration of plasma 5-HT was analyzed by HPLC, at the same time T cell subsets were also analyzed in each group.RESULTS: Pathological changes in bone marrow of TCM group and TCM+ketanserin group were better than the model group, but still worse than the blank group, CD₄⁺ subsets in TCM and TCM+ketanserin group were higher than the model group, but still less than the blank group, CD₈⁺subsets in TCM and TCM+ ketanserin group were less than the model group, but still higher than the blank group, The CD⁴⁺/CD₈⁺ ratio in TCM and TCM+ketanserin group were higher than the model group, but still less than the blank group. HPLC showed that the level of 5-HT of TCM and TCM+ ketanserin group were significant elevated at 12th day compared with the 0, 7th day. The effect of elevation lasts to the 16th day. The group comparison showed that the levels of 5-HT of TCM and TCM+ ketanserin group were higher than the blank control and model group at 12th, 16th day, but the difference of level of 5-HT between the TCM group and the TCM+ketanserin group were not significant at 0, 7th, 12th, 16th day.CONCLUSION: The therapeutic effect of herbal medicine of reinforcing kidney and removing blood stasis can promote the level of 5-HT, at the same time it can improve the function of haematogenesis. The result promotes that the mechanism of the therapeutic effect of herbal medicine of reinforcing kidney and removing blood stasis may have something to do with the promotion of secretion of 5-HT.

Determination of tamsulosin in dog plasma by LC-MS/MS and study on its pharmacokinetics

XING Xiao-min, LIANG Chao-feng, WU Chun, PAN Bi-yan, HOU Xue-ying, XIE Zhi-yong

2011, 16(8):  884-889. 

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AIM: To establish an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of tamsulosin in dog plasma and to study pharmacokinetics of tamsulosin hydrochloride controlled release capsules in Beagle dogs.METHODS: The 0.3 mL of blood samples were collected at before and different times after six Beagle dogs were received an oral dose of 0.4 mg tamsulosin.Tamsulosin and the internal standard (guaifenesin) were extracted by ethyl acetate from dog plasma, and separated on a Thermo C₁₈ column using methanol-water-formic acid (80∶20∶0.2, V/V/V) as mobile phase. Elecrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied and operated in the positive ion mode. Quantification was performed using selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode. The transitions for tamsulosin and guaifenesin were m/z 409.0→m/z 228.0 and m/z 199.0→m/z 125.0, respectively.RESULTS: The linear concentration ranges of the calibration curves for tamsulosin were 0.05-10.0 ng/mL.The lower limit of quantification was 0.05 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-run relative standard deviations (RSD) were lower than 13.4%.The pharmacokinetic parameters of tamsulosin was as follows: AUC_{0-24 h}(7.82±1.92) ng·h·mL^-1, AUC_0-∞ (8.04±2.02) ng·h·mL^-1,t_1/2 (2.96±2.13) h.CONCLUSION: The method is simple,high sensitivity and is proved to be suitable for pharmacokinetic study for tamsulosin in Beagle dogs.The half-life is short, and its clearance from dog body is very quick.

Cytotoxic effect of ampelopsin sodium combined with carboplatin on human lung adenocarcinoma cell line SPC-A-1

XU Ming-li, HAN Wei, WU Yong-jie

2011, 16(8):  890-894. 

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AIM: To investigate the cytotoxic effect and mechanism of ampelopsin sodium (AMP-Na) on human lung adenocarcionma cell line SPC-A-1 by alone or combined with carboplatin.METHODS: The inhibitory effects on proliferation of human lung cancer cell line SPC-A-1 were examined by MTT colorimetric assay. Flow cytometry (FCM) was employed to analyze the cell apoptosis.RESULTS: Experimental study on cytotoxicity in vitro showed that AMP-Na decreased the survival rate of SPC-A-1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. There was a synergistic cytotoxic effect on SPC-A-1 cells treated with AMP-Na combined with carboplatin. The apoptosis rate in group treated with AMP-Na combined with carboplatin was significantly increased as compared with that in group treated with carboplatin alone.CONCLUSION: AMP-Na decreases SPC-A-1 cells survival rate in a concentration dependent manner, and shows significant cytotoxic activity. There is a synergistic cytotoxic effect on SPC-A-1 cells treated with AMP-Na combined with carboplatin. The mechanism of AMP-Na is probably that it can induce SPC-A-1 cells apoptosis.

Effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride on intrapulmonary shunt and inflammatory factors during one lung ventilation in patients receiving thoracic surgery

WANG Ling, CONG Li, SHI Fei, SUN Li-xin, MA Fu-guo, BI Yan-lin, WANG Ming-shan

2011, 16(8):  898-902. 

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AIM: To observe the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride on intrapulmonary shunt and inflammatory factors in lung cancer surgery.METHODS: Thirty patients with lung cancer undergoing lung resection were randomly divided into two groups with 15 cases each: penehyclidine hydrochloride group (group A) and atropine group (group B). Blood gas analysis, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, SOD and MDA concentrations were detected at two lung ventilation(TLV) (T₁, baseline), OLV 45 min(T₂), OLV 90 min (T₃) and 2 h, 24 h after operation(T₄, T₅).RESULTS: SPO₂, PaO₂ were lower in group B than those in group A, Qs/Qt was higher than group A at T_2-4 (P＜0.05). Serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 SOD concentrations were lower at T_3-5 in group A than those in group B (P＜0.05). Serum MDA concentration was higher at T_3-4 in group B than in group A.CONCLUSION: Penehyclidine hydrochloride could reduce intrapulmonary shunt and alleviate the pulmonary inflammatory reactions in lung cancer surgery.

Effects of donepezil hydrochloride on postoperative cognition in senile patients

ZHU Guang-qiu, YOU Kuang-zhang, ZHOU Gang

2011, 16(8):  903-907. 

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AIM: To investigate the effects of perioperative oral donepezil hydrochloride on postoperative cognition in the elderly.METHODS: One hundred patients aged 60 to 75 years old scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were randomly assigned into two groups (n=50 per group): Control Group and Experimental Group. Patients were administered donepezil hydrochloride 5 mg or placebo orally at bedtime the day before surgery, surgery day and the day after surgery. A battery of 8 neuropsychological tests was performed the day before surgery and the second day after surgery.RESULTS: The scores of digit span backward test, symbol digit modalitied test, grooved pegboard test, trail making test (part A) and rey auditory verbal learning test at the second day after surgery decreased compared with the day before surgery in both groups (P＜0.05). The score of rey auditory verbal learning test in experimental group was better than that of control group at the second day after surgery (P＜0.05). The incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) was 20.0% in the control group and 14.0% in the experimental group, which showed no significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: Oral medication of donepezil hydrochloride perioperatively may benefit for senile patients to prevent postoperative memory deteriorate, but the contribution to reduce the incidence of POCD may be limited.

Effects of dezocine injection on hemodynamics and emergence time at the periextubation period of surgery

TANG Hong-li, MO Yun-chang, GENG Wu-jun

2011, 16(8):  908-911. 

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AIM: To explore the effect of hemodynamics and emergence time when dezocine is used in the periextubation period of endoscopic sinus surgery.METHODS: 60 patients treated with endoscopic sinussurgery were divided into three groups randomly, the group Ⅰ,including 11 men and 9 women, were injected with dezocine 0.1 mg/kg,and the group Ⅱ(12 men and 8 women) was injected with Fentanyl 0.002 mg/kg,and the group Ⅲ,including 9 men and 11 women, was injected with normal saline 1 mL when the surgery is over. The index of bloodstream dynamics stable and limitation to wake among the three groups was observed. The patients were induced tracheal intubation by intravenous injected midazolam,propofol,and cisatracurium. Sevoflurane was inhaled and the propofol was intravenous injected during operation.RESULTS: The emergence time among the three groups had no statistics difference(P＞0.05). Compared with the group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,the hemodynamics in the periextubation period of endoscopic sinus surgery was stable in the group Ⅲ,there was significant difference(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: The circulatory dynamics is stable during extubation in the group Ⅰ,and there is no effect on emergence time.The dezocine is effective and safe when using at the the periextubation period of endoscopic sinus surgery.

Efficacy of epidural anesthesia combined with dexmedetomidine on visceral traction response during appendectomy

CHEN Gong-jin, OU-YANG Bao-yi

2011, 16(8):  912-915. 

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AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of epidural anesthesia versus intravenous dexmedetomidine on visceral traction response during appendectomy.METHODS: Eighty adult patients, American Society of Anesthesiology(ASA) physical status class Ⅰ-Ⅱ, undergoing appendectomy during epidural anesthesia were divided randomly into two groups that received 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine (Dexmedetomidine Group) and the same volume normal saline(Control Group) intravenously for 10 min respectively. The visceral traction response of the patients, the changes of the MAP, HR and SpO₂, and the grade of Ramsay before and after dexmedetomidine or the normal saline was administered were evaluated during the operation.RESULTS: Intravenous dexmedetomidine could inhibit the visceral traction response during appendectomy, was superior to normal saline(P<0.01). The changes of MAP and SpO₂ in the two groups were not different, but HR was decreased significantly in Dexmedetomidine Group (P<0.01), the grades of Rassmay were increased significantly in Dexmedetomidine Group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Intravenous dexmedetomidine could inhibit the visceral traction response effectively during appendectomy.

Comparison on curative effect of bromocriptine treating pituitary prolactin micro-adenoma and large adenoma

WU Sheng-hua, CHEN Jing-hai, WANG Xiao-qing

2011, 16(8):  916-919. 

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AIM: To compare bromocriptine in the treatment of pituitary prolactin micro-adenoma and the clinical effect of large adenomas.METHODS: There were sixty cases with pituitary prolactin micro-adenoma and 30 cases with large adenoma. Two groups were orally administered bromocriptine, the amount of night began with 1.25 mg, increased 1.25 mg every 3 d, until 2.5 mg, tid. The serum prolactin and pituitary magnetic resonance were detected before treatment and 28 weeks after treatment.RESULTS: The serum prolactin level decreased significantly in the same gender group (P<0.01) of the two groups after 28 weeks treatment than before treatment. The serum prolactin level in micro-adenoma group returned to normal, while those in large adenoma group both men and women remained above normal. There were significantly differences between the same gender before and after treatment of the prolactin level in the two groups (P<0.05). After 28 weeks, prolactin pituitary micro-adenoma cure rate was 16.67%, total effective rate was 75%, while non-pituitary prolactin macro-adenoma group found that the tumor disappeared, the total efficiency was only 46.67%.CONCLUSION: Bromocriptine treatment of pituitary prolactin micro-adenoma can return serum prolactin to normal level, pituitary prolactin adenomas shrink or even disappear; while prolactin macroadenoma should adopt comprehensive treatment model, such as drugs or surgery combined with radiation therapy.

Effects of Metformin on serum high sensitive C-reactive protein and the insulin sensitivity index in prediabetes patients

JI Xiao-zhen, GUAN Chang-rong, DU Xiao-ming, CHEN Ri-qiu

2011, 16(8):  920-924. 

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AIM: To observe the changes of the serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levelsand the insulin sensitivity index before and after using Metformin or intensive lifestyle intervention treatment.METHODS: 176 prediabetes patients were randomly divided into Metformin treatment group, intensive lifestyle intervention group and Control Group. Metformin treatment group 52 cases, in general,was given on the basis of lifestyle intervention of Metformin tablets; The intensive lifestyle intervention group 60 cases, based on individual eating habit, and was developed energy,given low-fat diet, control diet, with a reasonable, balanced diet, coupled with adequate physical exercise.64 patients in the Control Group, only to give general lifestyle intervention.The fasting blood glucose,2-hour postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, body mass index, blood lipids, hs-CRP, insulin sensitivity index changes were determined before and after intervention.RESULTS: After intervention for 2 years, 21 impaired glucose tolerance patients(32.81%)became normal glucose tolerance,and 12 patients (18.75%) were converted to diabetes patients in the Control Group.41 impaired glucose tolerance patients(78.85%)became normal glucose tolerance,and 3 patients (5.77%) were converted to diabetes patients in the metformin treatment group. 32 impaired glucose tolerance patients(53.33%)became normal glucose tolerance,and 4 patients (6.67%) were converted to diabetes patients in intensive lifestyle intervention group.Compared with the Control Group, the incidence of diabetes was significant in the Metformin treatment group and intensive lifestyle intervention group (P<0.05).After intervention for 2 years,the changes of the indexes were significant in the Metformin treatment group and intensive lifestyle intervention group(P<0.01).The Metformin treatment group had better results than intensive lifestyle intervention group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Prediabetes, the serum hs-CRP levels have been increased, and the insulin sensitivity has been decreased, metformin or intensive lifestyle intervention therapy can significantly reduce the blood sugar and the serum hs-CRP levels and improve the insulin sensitivity, and the Metformin effects is obvious.

Effect of Sanqitongshu capsule on serum level of IL-1β and IL-8 of the patients with intra-and extra-cranial arteriostenosis after stent-assisted angioplasty

HAN Jian, GUO FU-qiang

2011, 16(8):  925-928. 

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AIM: To research the effect of Sanqitongshu capsule on expressions of serum level of IL-1β and IL-8 of patients with the intra-and extra-cranial arteriostenosis after stent-assisted angioplasty.METHODS: Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Sanqitongshu capsule group and control group. The serum level of IL-1β and IL-8 in during different phases (before and 1 h, 1, 3, 7 d after stent-assisted angioplasty) were detected with ELISA.RESULTS: There were significant differences in the levels of serum IL-1β and IL-8 among the 5 time points using one-way ANOVA(F value=21.03, 24.813 respectively)(P＝0.0001). IL-1β, IL-8 began to increase 1 h after the operations and reached the maximal value 24 h later. We also found significant differences in the levels of serum IL-1β and IL-8 between 1 d after the operation and the remaining time points (P＜0.05). The serum 1evel of IL-1β and IL-8 were significantly decreased in Sanqitongshu capsule group contrasted with the control group in 3 d, 7 d after operation (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Serum 1evels of IL-1β and IL-8 increases markedly in patients with the intra- and extra-cranial arteriostenosis after stent-assisted angioplasty. Sanqitongshu capsule can decrease the expressions of IL-1β and IL-8 in the early period and reduce the inflammatory reaction of cerebral ischemia cascade reaction effectively.

Study on the escitalopram combined with low dose of aripiprazole in the treatment of depression with somatic symptoms

XIA Jin-xiao, YAO Hua-hua, WANG Yi-bing, CAO Shi-lin, GAN Jian-guang, DUAN Di, LV Bo-jun

2011, 16(8):  929-932. 

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AIM: To explore the clinical efficacy of escitalopram combined with low dose of aripiprazole in the treatment of depression with somatic symptoms.METHODS: Eighty patients suffering from depression with somatic symptoms were randomly divided into study group (n=41) and control group (n=39), who received either escitalopram combined with low dose of aripiprazole or escitalopram only, respectively. The clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated with Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI), Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scales (DAS) at the point of baseline and the 1st, 2nd, 4th and 8th weekend. Meanwhile, the medication compliance and symptom recrudescence rate of two groups were also assessed in 3 months.RESULTS: Scores of HAMD, SDS and CGI decreased in both groups, but more significantly and quickly in study group. There was no difference between two groups in TESS. Patients in study group had better compliance, fewer symptom recrudescence rate and lower scores in DAS in 3 months, compared with control group.CONCLUSION: Escitalopram combined with low dose of aripiprazole works better in the treatment of depression with somatic symptoms than using escitalopram only.

Structure and regulation of biological rhythms of olfactory bulb

XU Xing-yuan, WANG Yi-qun

2011, 16(8):  933-936. 

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Olfactory bulb is a key component of olfaction. Recent researches have found that olfactory bulb regulates the biological rhythms, and it expresses regulatory genes relatively independent of suprachiasmatic nucleus. Based on the research of the structure and regulation of biological rhythms of olfactory bulb, it has become a new focus in basic and clinical medicine to study some nervous system diseases and biological rhythms such as sleep. This article summarizes the structure and the effect on regulating biological rhythms of olfactory bulb.

Recent research progress in cardiovascular effects of endothelin

CHEN Ai-dong, LI Juan, XIE Hai-tang

2011, 16(8):  937-944. 

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Endothelin is the most powerful vasoconstrictor substance so far and widely distributed in peripheral tissue and central nervous system. It is an important factor in regulating cardiovascular function and keeping cardiovascular homeostasis and vascular tone. The pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases are associated with abnormal function of the endothelin system. This review summarizes the research progress of the cardiovascular effects of endothelin in recent years.

Clinical trials progression of anti-cancer effects exerted by zoledronic acid

WANG Zeng, LU Hong-yang, WENG Lin

2011, 16(8):  945-950. 

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Zoledronic acid, the third generation of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, is a potent inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclast activity and inducing osteoclast apoptosis and is currently approved for the treatment of tumor-induced hypercalcemia and the reduction and delay of skeletal complications in advanced bone-related malignancies. Data from preclinical studies of zoledronic acid suggest its definite anti-tumor effect. Recently, as several zoledronic acid related clinical trials are carried out, the anti-tumor effect of zoledronic acid attracts people's attention. These clinical trials show that zoledronic acid may improve treatment response of multiple myeloma, breast cancer, prostate cancer and lung cancer including prolonging the disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). However, some important questions remain, including optimal dosing, initiation and duration of therapy, to be studied in further investigations. Here, we summarized the potential role of zoledronic acid in cancer treatment.

Relationship between PGE₂,its correlation factors and TNF-α in rheumatoid arthritis and the regulation of drug

ZHANG Lei, WEI Wei

2011, 16(8):  951-955. 

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Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a common chronic, inflammatory, systematic autoimmunity disease.Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) are major inflammatory mediators in RA.A lot of compounds are available to treat RA,but most of anti-rheumatic drugs only stay in controlling inflammation symptom and can't modify the progression of the disease, simultaneously accompany with severe side adverse effect.The article reviews the relationship between PGE₂,its correlation factors and TNF-α in rheumatoid arthritis and the therapeutic effect of drugs on RA.

Research progress of montmorillonite as drug carriers

FANG Ying-ying, ZHENG Gao-li

2011, 16(8):  956-960. 

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Montmorillonite, refined from bentonite, is one type of nonmetallic minerals. It is a 2∶1 day, meaning that it has 2 tetrahedral sheets sandwiching a centrat octahedral sheet. It's the nuique crystal structure that gains an advantage in the applications of medical field. As a fine pharmaceutic excipient, it can be developed as new drug carriers to help design new drug formmlation and search for more suitable administration routes. This article reviews on the research progress of montmorillonite as drug carriers in recent years.