Table of Content

Volume 18 Issue 12
26 December 2013

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Protective effects of levocarnitine combined with bisoprolol on cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rats

ZHANG Mei-qi, ZHAI Chang-lin, CHEN Huan, SHEN Yue, TU Jian-feng, YANG Xiang-hong

2013, 18(12):  1321-1326. 

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AIM: To investigate the L-carnitine and bisoprolol on myocardium after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a synergistic protective effect and its mechanism.METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: L-carnitine and bisoprolol combined therapy group (10 cases), the bisoprolol group (10 cases), carnitine group (10 cases ), the placebo group (10 cases). Each rat heart rate and mean arterial pressure at different time points were observed. Myocardial injury markers CK-MB was detected by enzyme biochemical assay and serum oxidative stress indices SOD and MDA were detected by ELISA, and myocardial BCL-2 and Bax protein were detected by Western Blot method,and the levels of EtBr and 3-NT were tested.RESULTS: Compared with the bisoprolol group and the placebo group, L-carnitine group each time heart ratewas increased(P<0.05), mean arterial pressure was also increased(P<0.05), the levels of SOD and BCL-2 were increased, CK-MB, MDA and Bax levels were decreased(P<0.05). Compared with the placebo group, the levels of EtBr and 3-NT of L-carnitine group were decreased(P<0.05), while combination group compared with the placebo group, the differences were more significant (P<0.01).CONCLUSION: L-carnitine can upregulate SOD and BCL-2 levels, downregulate MDA and Bax levels to produce effect on myocardium, while bisoprolol has harmonious effect.

Comparative study on the distribution of TH positive neurons in the pons of alligator sinensis, domestic chickens and rats

LI Huai-bin, WU Feng, GONG Xin, XIONG Ke-ren

2013, 18(12):  1327-1331. 

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AIM: To observe and compare the anatomic distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)-positive neurons in the pons of alligator sinesis/Chinese alligator, domestic chickens and rats for collecting the comparative anatomy data for investigation of the biological evolution and population protection of Chinese alligator.METHODS: Totally, Chinese alligators (n=6), domestic chicken (n=15) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (n=15) of either sex were included and cross-grouped into three groups with 2 alligators, 5 chicken and 5 rats for each. Animals in the three groups were simultaneously sacrificed by electric shock. The expressions of TH in pons were detected by immuno-histochemical assay and HemaGSM 2000P analysis.RESULTS: Conglomerated or diffused distribution of the TH positive neurons were commonly seen in pons in alligator sinesis, domestic chicken and rats. The TH positive cells presented with diverse cellular morphology by shapes of oval, roundness, spindle or polygon, whereas the cell number in different morphology varied a lot in pons among the three animals(P<0.01). The TH reactive neurons were primarily middle-sized or small-sized in the pons in the three kinds of animals, and large-sized cells were in relatively low number. Nevertheless, significantly increased reactive neurons to TH was seen in corresponding segments of the pons from chickens and rat as compared with alligator sinesis (P<0.01), and the gray value was also reduced evidently (P<0.01). In addition, the TH positive neurons in the pons of rats were increased greatly, but decreased significantly in gray value, when compared with the chicken's(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: The TH positive neurons were increased in turn in the pons of the Chinese alligators, domestic chickens and rats, the average gray value for the cells were decreased ordinally, and the number for diverse cellular morphology were not proportional. These findings suggest that TH distribution differences may be associated with different species of function area carries out its related nervous systems function in the pons.

Effects of carvedilol on plasma norepinephrine and myocardial IL-6 production in murine model with the coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis

LV Gan-xin, ZHANG Teng, ZHOU Na-dan, CHEN Yi-he, GE Li-Sha, LI Yue-chun

2013, 18(12):  1332-1337. 

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AIM: To examine the effects of carvedilol on plasma norepinephrine and myocardial IL-6 production in murine model with the coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced viral myocarditis.METHODS: Eighty male BALB/C mice were divided into three groups randomly, including normal group, carvedilol group, myocarditis group. The latter two groups were intraperitoneally inoculated with CVB3. Starting 24 h after infection carvedilol was administered orally in a dose of 10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 for 14 days continuously. Myocarditis group and normal group were used with same dose PBS. Eight mice who were randomly taken from each groups were killed on day 7 or 14. Myocardial histopathology changes, the heart weight/body weight ratio, the plasma norepinephrine, the mRNA and protein expression of myocardial IL-6 were studied.RESULTS: Carvedilol significantly attenuated myocardial lesions and decreased the heart weight/body weight ratio(P<0.05). The plasma norepinephrine was decreased, the mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 was down regulated remarkably in the carvedilol group compared with the myocarditis group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Carvedilol protects against CVB3-induced viral myocarditis in mice. Carvedilol exerts some of its beneficial effects by decreasing the plasma catecholamine levels and down-regulating the expression of IL-6.

Application research of novel Superparamagnetic iron oxide in vivo tracing of transplanted schwann cells

ZHOU Jiang-wen, XIE Qing-song, XU Xin-long, WEI Xiao-jie, CHEN Zai-feng, LI Li-xin

2013, 18(12):  1338-1343. 

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AIM: To investigate a novel Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) used for labeling Schwann cells (SCs) and tracing in vivo by magnetic resonance.METHODS: The novel SPIO was prepared with Fe₂O₃ coated by a thin layer of dimercaptosuccinic acid, and then it was used for labeling SCs. The SCs of trial group were labeled by SPIO. The SCs of control group weren't labeled by SPIO. Every group had ten samples. The labeled SCs were identified by Prussian blue stain and counted by MTT. Lastly, the labeled SCs was transplanted into rat brain and scanned by MRI.RESULTS: Prussian blue stain indicated that SCs could be high efficiently labeled by the novel SPIO. MTT detection suggested the difference of viable cells relative number was not significant between trial group and control group (P＞0.05). Hypo-intense changes of MRI T₂ examination could be observed in the transplanted area of rat brainlabeled by the new SPIO after transplantation in rats brain.CONCLUSION: The novel Superparamagnetic iron oxide had no significant effect on the proliferation and viability of SCs. SCs still could be labelled with the novel SPIO directly and high efficiently without the use of poly-L-lysine or other additional transfecting agents. The transplanted cells could be well imaged and traced in vivo.

Effects of different fractions extracted from Tupistra chinensis Bak on isoproterenol- induced myocardial injury in mice

SHI Meng-qiong, BAI Cai-hong, SUN Gui-lin, JIN Jia-hong, YANG Wen-yan, LU Xun-cong

2013, 18(12):  1344-1352. 

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AIM: To investigate the effects of different fractions extracted from Tupistra chinensis Bak on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury in mice.METHODS: 105 KM mice were evenly and randomly divided into normal group, model group, four different fractions extracted from Tupistra chinensis Bak groups and Di'aoxinxuekang group. The treatment groups were orally treated homologous medicines, the normal and model groups were given the same volume of 0.5% CMC-Na. After the treatment of 30 min on the subsequently 3 days, the model group, four different fractions extracted from Tupistra chinensis Bak groups and Di'aoxinxuekang group were injected subcutaneously with ISO (5 mg/kg), while the animals in normal group were received injection of normal saline. Blood samples from mice on the next day after the last administration were collected plasm levels of AST, LDH, HBDH, CK and CKMB. The mice were then sacrificed under anesthesia to collect myocardial tissues for measurements of heart weight index (heart weight/body and left ventricles weight/heart weight), myocardial SOD,GSH-Px activities and MDA content, and analysis of heart tissue morphology and ultra microstructure.RESULTS: The different fractions extracted from Tupistra chinensis Bak might significantly reversed the ISO-induced heart index, abnormal higher myocardial tissue MDA contents and less SOD, GSH-Px activities, and also reduced abnormal higher plasm AST, LDH, HBDH, CK and CKMB levels. The myocardial inflammatory infiltration, lytic necrosis, collagen fiber area were remarkably alleviated due to the four fractions. The effects of the n-butyl alcohol and ethyl acetate fractions were significant as compared with the model group (P＜0.05, P＜0.01), and the effect of treatment with Di'aoxinxuekang quite; Petroleum ether fraction revealed a statistically significant in improving HBDH and SOD levels compared with the model group (P＜0.05), and that of water fraction was also significant as compared with the model group except for in the case of LDH, CK and GSH-Px (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: The treatments with different fractions extracted from Tupistra chinensis Bak have remarkably protective effect. The effects from strong to weak are as follows: the n-butyl alcohol fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, water fraction and petroleum ether fraction.

Protective effect of tetramethylpyrazine preconditioning on rat myocardium with non-invasive limb ischemia preconditioning

ZHANG Ze-yu, LIU Dan, WANG Qing, LUO Yong, LIAO Zhang-ping, TANG Lei, HE Ming

2013, 18(12):  1353-1358. 

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AIM: To explore the effect of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) preconditioning on rat myocardium with remote ischemic preconditioning(R-IPC).METHODS: Forty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: Control(Cont) group, ischemia reperfusion(I/R) group, R-IPC group, TMP group, R-IPC+TMP group. R-IPC and R-IPC+TMP groups were pretreated with R-IPC once a day for three days; TMP and R-IPC+TMP groups were pretreated with 10 mg/kg TMP by intraperitoneal injection once a day for three days. After 24 h of last treatment, the isolated rat hearts were langendorff-perfused and I/R injury model were built. The activities of LDH and CPK in the flow, infarct size, the content of MDA, the activities of SOD, GSH-Px and caspase-3, and apoptosis were assayed.RESULTS: After 24 h of pretreatment with R-IPC or TMP, the increases of activities of LDH and CPK, infarct size, the MDA content and apoptotic index induced by acute I/R injury were reduced, decreases of activities of SOD and GSH-Px were enhanced(P<0.01). These results showed that pretreatment with R-IPC and TMP had delay protective effect. 24 h After pretreatment with R-IPC and TMP, delay protective effect was induced as follows: the results such as the activities of LDH and CPK and infarct size showed up weaker delay proterctive effect compared with the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, caspase-3 and apoptotic index.CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with TMP could effectively enhance the R-IPC on cardiac delay protection against acute I/R injury in rat.

Intervention study with Yang Ren Tiao Chong Decoction on climacteric syndrome combined with yin deficiency and internal heat in rats

WU Hong-bin, XUAN Gui-ping, LAI Chun-hua, QIN Xin-ling, HE Wu, GUO Zi-fen

2013, 18(12):  1359-1363. 

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AIM: To observe the effect of Yang Ren Tiao Chong Decoction on climacteric syndrome combined with yin deficiency and internal heat in rats.METHODS: 120 female SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: control group, model group, Yang Ren Tiao Chong Decoction low-dose group (0.81 g/kg), mid-dose group (1.62 g/kg), high-dose group (3.24 g/kg) and Kun Bao Pill group as positive control (0.16 g/kg). From the 14th day after castration surgery, the rats from drug group were perfused 0.5 mL/100 g corresponding drugs respectively once daily for 30 days. The water intake, rectal temperature, rate of keratinocytes vaginal epithelial cells and uterine coefficient were all detected, and a variety of serum hormone levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and ELISA.RESULTS: After Yang Ren Tiao Chong Decoction treatment, the water intake of model rats was reduced (P<0.05) and the rectal temperature was declined (P<0.05). With high-dose Yang Ren Tiao Chong Decoction, the uterine coefficient was increased by 68.10% [ (1.95±0.21) mg/g vs (1.16±0.11) mg/g, P<0.01] and the rate of keratinocytes vaginal epithelial cells was increased by 48.66%, too[(44.94±5.26)% vs (30.23±3.86)%, P<0.01]. In addition, the level of E₂ was increased by 43.63% [(60.24±7.36)pmol/L vs(41.94±5.82)pmol/L, P<0.05], but the serum levels of FSH, LH and PRL were all decreased, and there were no significant change in the levels of leptin and insulin (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Yang Ren Tiao Chong Decoction has a better intervention on neuroendocrine disorders of rats with climacteric syndrome combined with yin deficiency and internal heat.

Protective effect of prototype glutathione on the disfunction of diaphragmatic muscle in type 2 diabetic rats

YANG Li-juan, LIU Lei, GUO Ya-ling, GAO Qin, GUAN Su-dong, JIANG Bao-fa

2013, 18(12):  1364-1368. 

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AIM: To study the protective effect of reduced glutathione hormone (GSH) on the dysfunction of diaphragmatic muscle in type 2 diabetic rats and investigate the changes of diaphragm nebulin and titin mRNA expression.METHODS: Male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (CON group), type 2 diabetes mellitus group (DM group) and prototype glutathione treatment group (GSH group). The isolated diaphragm contractile force was measured, diaphragm SOD activity and MDA content, nebulin and titin mRNA levels in diaphragmatic muscle tissue were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).RESULTS: (1) P_t, P_o, +dT/dt_max and -dT/dt_max in rat diaphragm in DM group were significantly lower than those in CON group (P<0.05), which were higher in GSH group than those in DM group (P<0.05). (2) Diaphragm MDA content in DM group was increased significantly (P<0.05 vs CON), and SOD activity was significantly decreased (P<0.01 vs CON group); and these changes could be reversed by GSH (P<0.05 ). (3) The levels of nebulin and titin mRNA in DM group were significantly decreased (P<0.01 vs CON group), but increased in GSH group (P<0.05 vs DM group).CONCLUSION: GSH can increase the levels of nebulin and titin mRNA in diaphragm and improve diaphragm contractile force, which may be due to reduce oxidative stress injury.

Feasibility study on pharmacokinetics of Gefitinib by microdialysis technical

XIE Bo, HOU Yuan-xin, ZHANG Wei-min, LING Jia-jun, LIN Jin-rong, DENG Shan-shan

2013, 18(12):  1369-1374. 

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AIM: To establish the method to detect gefitinib by microdialysis technical in vivo.METHODS: Adopting concentration difference methods, increment method and decrement method included, the effect of flow rates , pH, medium concentration and temperature on the gefitinib's recovery were determined. Meanwhile, the stabilities of recovery and release rates were researched in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: Measured by retrodialysis method, the recovery and release rates of gefitinib showed fine consistency. And, the recovery rate connected with pH value of perfusate and extracellular fluid's temperature in linear relation and was a fixed variable for medium concentration. Intraday recovery and release rates displayed good stability as well.CONCLUSION: Retrodialysis method is capable of monitoring the concentration of gefitinib dynamically. The results can be used in pharmacokinetics research of gefitinib in tumor.

Bioavailability assessment of the lipophilic benfotiamine as compared to a water-soluble thiamine hydrochloride after oral administration

LUO Xi, CAI Ning-fang, GUO Xin, YU Peng, LIU Zhi, ZHENG Li-yun, CHENG Ze-neng

2013, 18(12):  1375-1382. 

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AIM: To study the bioavailability of the lipophilic benfotiamine as compared to a water-soluble thiamine hydrochloride after oral administration.METHODS: A randomized, crossover study involving 20 healthy male volunteers was carried. Each subject was given 300 mg benfotiamine or 220 mg thiamine hydrochloride. Blood samples were collected at different times and 24 h urine samples were collected after administration. The concentrations of thiamine and thiamine diphosphat in plasma or erythrocyte were determined by HPLC-Flu.The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using WinNonlin program and the mean excretion rate of hippuric acid in urine was also evaluated.RESULTS: The main pharmacokinetic parameters of thiamine in plasma after taking benfotiamine and thiamine hydrochloride were as follows: t_1/2 were (2.5±0.2) and (2.0±0.8) h, respectively; AUC_0-24 were (1763.1±432.7) and (182.0±93.8) μg·h·L^-1, respectively; AUC_0-∞ were (1837.3±466.5) and (195.8±96.6) μg·h·L^-1, respectively; C_max were (568.3±122.0) and (70.5±46.2) μg/L, respectively; CL/F were (172.3±39.2)and (1831.7±705.0) L/h, respectively; V_d/F were (627.9±131.8) and (5419.1±3586.6)L, respectively. The AUC_0-24 of thiamine diphosphat in erythrocyte after taking benfotiamine and thiamine hydrochloride was (3212.4±740.7) and (881.8±316.2) μg·h·L^-1, respectively. In comparison with thiamine hydrochloride, the relative bioavailability of thiamine and thiamine diphosphat in benfotiamine were (1147.3±490.3)% and (392.1±114.8)%, respectively. The excretion rate of hippuric acid in urine in 4 h after taking benfotiamine was significantly accelerated than that after taking thiamine hydrochloride.CONCLUSION: Benfotiamine is absorbed quickly, and has better bioavailability than thiamine hydrochloride. It can be transformed to thiamine in 4 h after administration.

Clinical efficacy of Yiqihuoxuezhuanggu Formula in PMO patients

DENG Dun, CHEN Li-qiu, ZHANG Wei-kang, YAN Hai-bo, WANG Zhao-hui, CHEN Xiao-yu, SHI Qi, WANG Yong-jun

2013, 18(12):  1383-1387. 

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AIM: To study the clinical efficacy and adverse reaction of Yiqihuoxuezhuanggu Formula in Qi stagnation and blood stasis primary osteoporosis(PMO) patients.METHODS: In this trial, PMO patients were randomly assigned into two groups:Yiqihuoxuezhuanggu Formula group, Xianlinggubao group.Medicines were given for 12 weeks. Bone metabolism,DEXA scanning,adverse reaction and serum data were determined.RESULTS: Compared with the control group,the expression of BMD,1,25-(OH₂) D₃ and blood calcium in Yiqihuoxuezhuanggu Formula group were increased significantly,less adverse reaction(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Yiqihuoxuezhuanggu Formula shows on a better treatment in Qi stagnation and blood stasis PMO patients, its mechanism may be related to decreasing the bone resorption and promoting the bone formation, thus preventing the bone mass loss.

Effects of landiolol on heart rate variability and QT interval during tracheal intubation in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes

QIN Tong-xin, SHUAI Xun-jun, BU Qing-li, AI Deng-bin

2013, 18(12):  1388-1391. 

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AIM: To evaluate effects of landiolol on heart rate variability (HRV) and QTc interval during tracheal intubation in patients with type Ⅱ diabetes.METHODS: Forty patients with type Ⅱ diabetes were randomly allocated either to landiolol group (group L) or to control group (group C). A bolus of 0.1 mg·kg^-1·min^-1 landiolol was administered to the group L for one minute at two minutes before tracheal intubation and followed by a continuous infusion at a rate of 0.04 mg·kg^-1·min^-1; group C received the same volume of saline. The changes in HRV and QT interval were recorded and compared between the two groups at following time points: preinduction (T₀),intubation(T₁)and 1min(T₂), 3 min(T₃), 5 min(T₄) after intubation.RESULTS: At T₁ to T₄, LF/HF were lower significantly in group L than those in group C. QT intervals were lengthened remarkably at T₁ to T₄ in the group C than those in the group L (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Landiolol can inhibit effectively the sympathetic nervous system activity and improve the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Landiolol can also shorten the QT interval prolongation associated with tracheal intubation.

Effects of Liu wei di huang pills on the vascular endothelial function in type 2 diabetes mellitus

LOU Juan-ya, DONG Fen-qin, ZHANG Zhe, ZHOU Wei-bin, CHEN Min, YE Dan

2013, 18(12):  1392-1395. 

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AIM: To study the effects of Liu wei di huang pills (LWDH) on the vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).METHODS: Sixty patients with T2DM were randomized into LWDH group (n=30) and routine treatment group (n=30). Meanwhile, 10 healthy subjects served as the normal control group. On the basis of routine western medicine, patients in LWDH group were treated with LWDH, with a treatment course of 12 weeks. The levels of nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), super-oxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were detected and the level of flow mediated vasodilatation (FMD) was assessed by Doppler ultrasound before and after 12 week treatment in all subjects.RESULTS: Before treatment the level of the ET-1 in LWDH group and routine treatment group was significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.01). However, the levels of the NO, SOD, GSH-PX, and FMD were significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.01). As compared with those before treatment, those indexes after treatment were obviously improved in LWDH group and routine treatment group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the improvement effect in LWDH group was more obvious than that in routine treatment group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: LWDH pills can ameliorate the vascular endothelial function inT2DM on the basis of routine treatment.

Acute hypervolemic hemodilution on the role of muscle relaxant effect of different doses Rocuronium

YUAN Xiao-hong, FANG Jun, GUO Jian-rong, LIAN Yan-hong, JIN Xiao-ju

2013, 18(12):  1396-1400. 

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AIM: To compare the muscle relaxant effect of different doses Rocuronium on acute hypervolemic hemodilution.METHODS: Ninety elective 80 cases orthopedic surgery patients, ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ, 35 to 60 years old, were randomly divided into two groups by the different treatment methods in preoperative transfusion ( n=40 each ): group A acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHH) and control group ( group B). Each group was divided into two subgroups(n=20 each) with the corresponding loading dose of Rocuronium (0.6, 0.9 mg/kg). Two groups of patients were conducted hemodilution or conventional infusion before induction of anesthesia.The block onset time,the TOF of no response,the block duration,the recovery index of muscle relaxants,and the muscle relaxation time in vivo correlation time left were observed in subgroups.RESULTS: The same dose compared with the control group, the block onset time extension, the TOF of no response, neuromuscular blockade duration, significantly shorter duration of action in vivo (P<0.05), and high-dose group was significantly shorter more (P<0.01). Recovery index and the relevant time of residual neuromuscular did not change significantly (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Both doses of rocuronium in neuromuscular monitoring can successfully intubated,inversely proportional to dose and duration of intubation. AHH can reduce the pharmacodynamics of rocuronium.

Clinical study comparing pemetrexed plus carboplatin with gemcitabine plus carboplatin as first-line treatment in patients with advanced nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer

CHEN Dong-yun, ZHAO Wen-ying, JI Zhao-ning

2013, 18(12):  1401-1405. 

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AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy and adverse effect of Pemetrexed combined with Carboplatin and Gemcitabine combined with Carboplatin to treat non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.METHODS: 57 pathologically confirmed patients with ⅢB/Ⅳ staged NSCLC were recruited in this study. 26 patients treated with Pemetrexed plus Carboplatin (PC group) and 31 with Gemcitabine plus Carboplatin (GC group) more than 2 cycles.The latest clinical efficacy and adverse effect were evaluated.RESULTS: No statistical difference was observed in objective response rate(ORR) (42.3% vs 41.9%),disease control rate(88.5% vs 80.6%)and median progression free survival(PFS)(5.9 months vs 4.7 months) between the PC group and GC group. The main common adverse reactions were myelosuppression and gastrointestinal response in both groups.The rates of Ⅲ-Ⅳdegree thrombocytopenia were obviously less observed on the PC group compared with GC group.CONCLUSION: The both groups have similar clinical efficacy as the treatment of Nonsquamous NSCLC,but the Pemetrexed combined with Carboplatin has better safety and less reaction.

Correlation study of visfatin and gestational diabetes mellitus

SONG Jing, WU Ping, WANG Xi-mei

2013, 18(12):  1406-1409. 

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AIM: To explore the relationship between visfatin and gestational diabetes mellitus by detecting the level of visfatin in gestational diabetes mellitus patients.METHODS: 60 primiparae patients with singleton birth were randomly selected from the forth people's hospital of wuxi from June of 2011 to June of 2012 and were individed into gestational diabetes mellitus group and control group(each group n=30).The essential information of all patients were recorded and the levels of fasting plasma glucose,fasting insuline,blood fat(cholesterol and triglyceride),visfatin were detected,and the insulin resistance index and BMI were calculated.RESULTS: Compared to the control group,the levels of the fasting plasma glucose,fasting plasma insulin, maternal weight gain,triglyceride,the insulin resistance index and the BMI of prior to delivery were increased significantly in gestation diabetes mellitus group,there were statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Compared to the control group,the level of cholesterol was increased,but there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The maternal level of visfatin are increased in gestation diabetes mellitus,which suggests visfatin maybe involves in the pathogenic mechanism of gestation diabetes mellitus.

Efficacy and safety of gefitinib treated elded-patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer

LI Su-xia, YANG Xiao-lei, CHEN Su-xiu, LIU Jie-fan, QUAN Shi-chao

2013, 18(12):  1410-1413. 

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AIM: To investigate the effect and safety of gefitinib in elderly patients with non small cell lung cancer.METHODS: 34 elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with radiotherapy were selected as control group, and 37 patients treated with gefitinib 250mg per day were selected as observation group,then the total effective rate, disease control rates, incidence of adverse reactions and CA125,CEA,CA242 in serum of two groups were analysed and compared.RESULTS: The total effective rate and disease control rates of observation group were higher than that of control group,while the incidence of adverse reactions of two groups had no significant differences (P＞0.05) but observation group was lower. CA125,CEA,CA242 in serum were all lower than before of two groups significant differences after the treatment (P＜0.05), and observation group was lower but had no significant difference (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: The effect and safety of gefitinib in elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer was better,and incidence of adverse reaction was lower, that can obviously improve the quality of life for elderly patients.

Design and preliminary implementation of the CTAM (Clinical Trials Assistant Management)system

LU Jian-ping, GUO Yi-yun, YANG Jing-jing, WANG Min-hui, SHEN Jie, JIA Yuan-wei, XIE Hai-tang

2013, 18(12):  1414-1418. 

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Electronic management system can help to accomplish normalization management and quality control of clinical trials significantly,as well as improve efficiency and levels. However domestic electronic management systems are applied rarely by far. In this respect, our clinical trials institution has developed a Clinical Trials Assistant Management System (CTAM) independently, and implement the electronic management for clinical trials based on internet and database technology preliminarily.This article described main points and application of the three function modules in the system,including researcher information management, project management and standard operating procedure management.In the end,further development and application of the management system are discussed.

Research progress in molecular mechanism of the pharmacological actions of leonurine

HE Chun-hui, ZHAO Yi-qing, LI Xia, ZHOU Lu-yao

2013, 18(12):  1419-1423. 

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Leonurine is the unique compound found only in Herba Leonuri. In recent years, there are many reports about molecular mechanisms of leonurine pharmacological actions, which is different from the traditional indications, for instance, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotection, and anti-diabetic effects, et al. The underlying mechanisms may be related to its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, modulation of mitochondrial function and anti-inflammatory and many others. This article summarizes the pharmacological actions and the underlying molecular mechanisms of leonurine, the purpose of which is to deepen the relevant study of leonurine and facilitate its clinical use.

Phosphodiesterases in the CNS:Implications in mood and cognitive disorders

YAN Wei, CHEN Ling, WANG Fei, LI Qing-yu, NIU Guo-zhong

2013, 18(12):  1424-1429. 

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Cyclic nucleotide Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are the only known enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP) and thus are integral to the regulation of cyclic nucleotide signaling and cellular communication. PDE2 is a member of the super family and it is highly expressed in the limbic nervous system, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus, which are important for emotional and cognitive function. This review discusses the current state and future development in the burgeoning field of PDE2 in the central nervous system. It is becoming increasingly clear that PDE inhibitors have therapeutic potential for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders involving disturbances of mood, emotion, and cognition.

Research advances in Sirt1 regulating microRNA

WAN Jing-zhi, YUAN Ding, WANG Ting

2013, 18(12):  1430-1435. 

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Sirt1 is a member of silent information regulator (Sir2) family, which is a class III histone NAD+ - dependent deacetylase playing a pivotal role in the cell survival,apoptosis, tumor development, metabolic diseases and anti-aging.MicroRNA (miRNA) is a short,no encoding,single-stranded RNA that exists in eukaryotic organisms. Recent studies show that miRNA can regulate the expression of Sirt1 at the post-transcriptional level. Therefore, miRNA may become a new target in the treatment of many diseases, which has been the focus of researchers.

Effects of the adenosine 2A receptor-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids pathway in the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension

WANG Lin, LU Li

2013, 18(12):  1436-1440. 

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Activation of rat adenosine 2A receptors (A_2AR) increases epoxygenase activity and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) levels. Since EETs have the abilities to dilate the renal vessels and prevent elevation of blood pressure, the adenosine 2A receptor-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids pathway (A_2AR-EETs pathway) is an antipressor. The experiments of the Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats and the Dahl salt resistant (SR) rats show that in the Dahl SR rats fed a high salt (HS) diet, elevations of adenosine levels and the renal response to adenosine increase epoxygenase activity and EETs levels, resulting in a greater renal vasodilator. In other words, the Dahl SR rats are able to upregulate the A_2AR-EETs pathway to regulate blood pressure during salt loading. However, the Dahl SS rats don't have the above-mentioned capabilities. Thus upregulating the A_2AR-EETs pathway in the inability of Dahl SS rats during salt loading may contribute to the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension.