Table of Content

Volume 16 Issue 3
26 March 2011

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Effects of Ca²⁺/PKC pathway on Egr-1 overexpression in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes of rats

ZHENG Fu-chun, JIA Qiang-yong, SHI Gang-gang

2011, 16(3):  241-248. 

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AIM: To study effects of Ca²⁺/PKC pathway on Egr-1 overexpression in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes of rats.METHODS: Cultured cardiomyocytes of 5-6 day old rats were divided into control group, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) group, DMSO group, EGTA group, Verapamil group, H7 group and BIM group. All groups of cardiomyocytes underwent the treatment of H/R, and then RT-PCR and Western blot were used to test expression of Egr-1 mRNA and Egr-1 protein respectively.RESULTS: There were high expression of Egr-1 mRNA in H/R group and DMSO group compared with control group (P<0.05). Verapamil, EGTA, H7 and Bim reduced the expression of Egr-1 mRNA significantly compared with H/R group (P<0.05). There were high expression of Egr-1 protein in H/R group and DMSO group compared with control group (P<0.05). Verapamil, EGTA, H7 and Bim reduced the expression of Egr-1 protein significantly compared with H/R group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Ca²⁺/PKC pathway plays a role on Egr-1 overexpression in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes of rats.

Effect of CGRP on the CDK2 and Cyclin E of rat vascular smooth muscle cell

DENG Shui-xiu, ZENG Si-yu, REN Jun-fang, ZHENG Yuan-bin, LIAO Duan-fang, QIN Xu-ping

2011, 16(3):  249-253. 

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AIM: To study the effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on cyclin-dependent kinase 2(CDK2) and Cyclin E of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC), and to elute the mechanism of inhibitory effect of CGRP on proliferation of VSMC in cell cycles. METHODS: VSMC were prepared from thoracic aortas of male Sprague-Dawley rat by explanting method. The cell viability and cell cycle were determined by MTT and Flow Cytometry, respectively. Western Blot was used to observe expressions of CDK2 and Cyclin E of VSMC. RESULTS: Pretreatment of VSMC with CGRP significantly inhibited cells viability, decreased the proportion of S phase and increased ratio of G₀/G₁ that were induced by 10% FBS, simultaneously, CGRP down-regulated the expressions of CDK2 and Cyclin E when cultured cells with 10% FBS at 12, 24 and 48 hours.CONCLUSION: CGRP could inhibit the cell cycle of VSMC G₀/G₁ phase to S phase transition, by which the mechanism maybe involved in the decrease expressions of CDK2 and Cyclin E.

Experimental study on pharmacodynamic of Liyan capsule on Chronic pharyngitis

ZHANG Dan-dan, SONG Ya-juan, WANG Xin, LI Yi-hang, ZHANG Shu-ming, WANG Wei-ming

2011, 16(3):  254-258. 

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AIM: To provide experimental basis for clinical therapy by studying the pharmacodynamic of Liyan capsule.METHODS: The effects of Liyan capsule on painkillers, anti-inflammatory and chronic inflammation were observed through animal model.RESULTS: Liyan capsule can reduce the writhing times of the mice induced by acetic acid(P<0.05),and inhibit the weight of granuloma induced by cotton ball and capillary permeability in mice(P<0.05).In the chronic pharyngitis model induced by ammonia water, Liyan capsule can increase the weight and reduce the body temperature of rabbits, it also can improve hyperplasia of chronic inflammatory cells,stagnant blood ,abscess in the mucosal epithelium(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Liyan capsule has an action on analgesia, anti-inflammatory and has great curative effect on chronic pharyngitis

Primary exploration on the protective effect of phosphocreatine sodium on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice

ZHAO Wen-ying, CHEN Dong-yun, XING Wen, WU Ming , YANG Zhi-min, JI Zhao-ning

2011, 16(3):  259-262. 

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AIM: To observe the protective effect of phosphocreatine sodium on adriamycin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice.METHODS: 60 female BALB/C mice weighting about 20 g were randomly divided into control group (Con), adriamycin group (ADR) and phosphocreatine sodium treatment group (CP). The general condition, the serum myocardial enzymes of NT-proBNP and TnI, the changes of MDA, SOD, LDH and ATPase in cardiac tissues were detected. The changes of cardiac tissues were observed by HE staining.RESULTS: Compared with group ADR, the contents of MDA and LDH were reduced in mice cardiac tissues, the activity of ATPases and SOD was elevated in mice cardiac tissues (P<0.05),the serum levels of TnI and NT-proBNP were decreased in group CP(P＞0.05). Intracellular edema and nuclear degeneration were obviously observed in adriamycin-treated cardiac tissues by HE staining.CONCLUSION: Phosphocreatine sodium protects mice from cardiotoxicity induced by adriamycin. The reduction of oxygen free radicals in mice cardiac tissues may be involved in the protective effect of phosphocreatine sodium.

Improvement effect of baicalin on dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance of rat adipocyte

SHEN Hong-yan , WU Xiao-dong

2011, 16(3):  263-269. 

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AIM: To study the improvement effect of baicalin on rat adipocyte insulin resistance and its mechanism.METHODS: Using enzyme-digesting method, proadipocyte cells from the rat inguinal adipose tissues which were cut under sterile conditions were cultured.The proadipocytes were induced to differentiate into mature adipocyte .Then adipocyte insulin resistance was induced by dexamethasone . Two groups of dexamethasone -induced insulin resistance adipocytes were given the following treatments for 48 hours: baicalin treated group(baicalin 20 μg/mL 48 h) ,rosiglitazone treated group(rosiglitazone 10 μmol/L 48 h) . In addition, vehicle-treated adipocytes and normal controls were used in the experiment. Glucose in every group adipocyte supernatant were detected by glucose oxidase. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was employed to monitor the levels of supernatant adiponectin and resistin. The expression of PPARγ were detected by immumohisto-chemical technique.RESULTS: The levels of glucose consumption in baicalin treated group and rosiglitazone treated group were significantly increased compared with insulin resistance group (P＜0.01). The levels of adiponectin and the expression of PPARγ were also increased in baicalin treated group and rosiglitazone treated group compared with insulin resistance group while the levels of resistin were decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION: Baicalin can increase glucose consumption in insulin resistance adipocyte and improve insulin resistance. The effect may be due to the increase of adiponectin induced by the upregulation of the expression of the PPARγand decrease of resistin.

Effect of allicin on macrophages of the immunosuppressed mice infected by candida albicans

HU Guo-wei, DONG Qun

2011, 16(3):  270-273. 

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AIM: To study the effect of allicin on macrophage of immunosuppressed mice infected by candida albicans.METHODS: The mice were randomly divided into preventive group, treatment group and infection group. Three days before the experiment, cyclophosphamide(CY) was given to the mice only once via abdominal cavity with a dosage of 200 mg/kg. The preventive group mice were fed with allicin for 7 days, the other two groups were fed with normal saline; Followed, the solution of candida albicans was administered intravenously to the mice via lateral tail vein with the concentration of 2 ×10⁷/mL in the 8th day. At the same time, the preventive group and the treatment group were fed with allicin for 7 days, the infection group were fed with normal saline; 7 days later, the mice peritoneal macrophages of the three groups were collected.The cultural liquid of macrophages was prepared and the levels of NO and IL-12 were measured.RESULTS: Compared with the infective group, allicin could improve the levels of NO and IL-12 produced by the macrophage in abdominal cavity of mice in the preventive group and the treatment group.CONCLUSION: Allicin can improve the funetion of macrophage in the model mice infected by candida albicans.

Experimental study of antibacterial and antiviral activity about Tanreqing oral liquid

XU Xiao-yue, ZHANG Guang-wei, LI Zhan, ZHANG Li-li

2011, 16(3):  274-278. 

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AIM: To study and compare the effects of the three different recipes of Tanreqing oral liquid on antibacterial and antiviral activity.METHODS: The antibacterial experiments in vivo and in vitro were carried out respectively. The mice were infected with influenza virus FM1 from nose.RESULTS: All of them could decrease the death rate of mice infected with staphylococcus aureus or beta-hemolytic streptococci and had bacteriostasis and batericidal activity in vitro. The oral liquid containing ursodeoxycholic acid was the best. They also could decrease the death rate of virus infected mice and prolong the survival time obviously. Tanreqing oral liquid containing ursodeoxycholic acid or bear gall powder could reduce the lung index obviously and it had less activity if there were none of them. The effects of the three oral liquid on the grade of the lung pathological changes were not significant vs model group.CONCLUSION: They could provide protection from bacterium and influenza virus. The antiviral activity of Tanreqing oral liquid containing ursodeoxycholic acid was the same as which containing bear gall powder. And the antibacterial activity of the former was better than the latter.

Understanding of relation among significance test, interval test and confidence interval test in clinical trial

WANG Jing, HU Jing-qing

2011, 16(3):  281-286. 

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The significance test is the most primary statistical hypothesis test, and it's basic principle is the principle of little probability. The interval test in clinical trial is the extension of the significance test, which is used to testify whether the difference between two populations is within a certain interval. In the confidence interval test, firstly, we find the confidence interval of the difference between two treatments' effects, and then we can decide whether it is non-inferior, equivalent or superior or not through comparing the confidence interval with the margin. Through the transformation of equations, it can be revealed that the most essential difference between the significance test and the interval test is the margin, which has the clinical meaning, is included in the interval test. In this paper, the consistency is confirmed between the interval test and the confidence interval test, so we can use the confidence interval test to achieve the result of the interval test.

HPLC-MS-MS determination of ritodrine in the human plasma and its pharmacokinetics

PENG Xiang-dong, Ding Jin-song, ZHOU Yan-bin, TAN Zhi-rong, ZHOU Hong-hao

2011, 16(3):  287-291. 

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AIM: To establish an HPLC-MS-MS method for determination of ritodrine in human plasma and to study the pharmacokinetics for two preparations in health volunteers.METHODS: The plasma was extracted with ethyl acetate. Separation was obtained on BDS Hypersil C₁₈(3 μm,2.1 mm×50 mm)column with the mobile phase of water( 1‰ formic acid)- methanol (20∶80) at the flow rate of 0.20 mL/min. Electrospray ionization source was operated in positive ion mode. Selected reaction monitoring mode with the transitions of m/z 288/270 and m/z 373.4/305.3 were used to quantify ritodrine and the internal standard, respectively.RESULTS: The calibration curve of ritodrine was linear in the range of 0.13-8 ng/mL and detection limit was 0.13 g/L. The intra and inter-day precision (RSD) were less than 12.5% . The absolute recoveries were above 75.4%. To study the pharmacokinetics and the relative bioavailability of two preparations of ritodrine, tablets were given to 18 healthy volunteers. The pharmacokinetics parameters were reported: C_max were (6.1±1.9) and (5.8±2.1) ng/mL;t_max were (1.1±0.4) h and (1.2±0.4) h;t_1/2 were (10±4) h and (9±5) h;AUC_0-36 were (22±9) ng·mL^-1·h and (21±8) ng·mL^-1·h;AUC_0-∞ were (25±10) ng·mL^-1·h and (23±8) ng·mL^-1·h.CONCLUSION: This method is convenient, sensitive, specific and suitable for pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability study.

Effects of bisoprolol with different drug administration time on the blood pressure of non-dippers hypretension

SUN Xiao-lei, GUAN Jun, YU Zhong-xiang, WANG Shao-hua, YAN Mei-xing, LIU Hua-qiang

2011, 16(3):  292-296. 

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AIM: To investigate the effect of bisoprolol with different time on blood pressure control and circadian variability of dipper blood pressure for patients with non-dipper hypertension.METHODS: The patients were randomly divided into two parallel groups. All patients were treated with bisoprolol. The first group took bisoprolol at eight o'clock once-daily between 2.5 mg and 10 mg. The second group took bisoprolol at twenty o'clock once-daily between 2.5 mg and 10 mg. The efficiency of the 8 weeks' treatment and the change of the 24 hours blood pressure were detected.RESULTS: Thebloodpressuresof thepatientsinbothgroups were decreased(P<0.05). And there was no significant difference between the two groups for the day BP decrease (P>0.05), but taking bisoprolol at first group had a better efficacy than that in the second group of the ninght BP. On the recovery diurnal rhythm of blood pressure the first group was better than that of second group (P<0.05). There were 10 hypertensive patients with non-dipper pattern of blood pressure changed into dipper pattern in the first group while there were 19 patients changed in the second group.CONCLUSION: Two methods of treatment can control the blood pressure safe and efficacy, but taking drug at eight o'clock is better for the non-dippers hypertension and the diurnal rhythm of blood pressure than taking at twenty o'clock.

Comparison on curative effects between domestic and imported pulmonary surfactant on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

FENG Si-guo, ZHONG Xiao-rong

2011, 16(3):  296-299. 

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AIM: To compare the curative effects between domestic and imported pulmonary surfactant on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS).METHODS: 54 neonates with NRDS were randomly divided into Calsurf group (domestic pulmonary surfactant, 28 cases) and Curosurf group (imported pulmonary surfactant 26 cases) .At the basic of conventional therapy, the two groups received domestic or imported pulmonary surfactant with single dose by intratracheal administration, respectively. The curative effects and adverse reaction were observed.RESULTS: Before using these drugs, the patients in two groups were all with hypoxemia, the artery - alveolar pressure ratio (a/APO₂) and PaO₂/FiO₂ were increased significantly after 30 minutes. The gas exchange function was improved; the breathing machine parameters were lowered 72 minutes later. Two drugs could significantly reduce mechanical ventilation of time and improve the success rate of treatment.CONCLUSION: Both the domestic and imported pulmonary surfactant have the same good curative effects and safety on neonatal NRDS.

Comparison on wake-up time of sufentanil and fentanyl on intraoperative wake-up test in general anesthesia patients undergoing spinal correction surgery

WU Li-ping, WANG Wen-jun, PENG Jian-ming, GAO Li-chen

2011, 16(3):  300-303. 

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AIM: To research the effect of sufentanil and fentanyl on intraoperative wake-up time and quality in patients undergoing spinal correction surgery, and to study the operation method of intraoperatie wake-up test of spinal correction surgery, and further evaluate the effect of wake-up test.METHODS: Thirty eight cases of patients with spinal deformity were treated by spinal correction surgery. They were randomly divided into sufentanil group and fentanyl group with 19 patients in each group. The anesthesia induction was begun with intravenous infusion 0.1 mg/kg midazolam, 1.5-2.0 mg/kg propofol, 0.15-0.20 mg/kg atracurium and 0.2 μg/kg sufentanil or 4.0 μg/kg fentanyl. The anesthesia was maintained with continuous pump injection sufentanil 0.1 μg/(kg·h) or fentanyl 1 μg/(kg·h). Atracurium, sufentanil or fentanyl were stopped pump injection in the time of 30 min before needing awakening. The pump injection of propofol in the time of need awakening was stopped, and the process of waking up was begun. The wake-up time and quality were studied.RESULTS: The gender, age, weight and operation time were no statistically significant differences between sufentanil group and fentanyl group during the research. The recovery time of spontaneous breathing, open eyes, instruction moves of sufentanil group were shorter than fentanyl group (P<0.05). The wake-up quality of sufentanil group was better than fentanyl group (P<0.05). There was 1 case of patients with intraoperative pain and awareness in fentanyl group. Both groups had no other complications.CONCLUSION: This method of intraoperative wake-up test is fast and effective. The wake-up time of the anesthesia which used sufentanil is shorter than those of fentanyl group, and the wake-up quality is higher than the later.

Efficacy and electrocardiogram abnormality of olanzapine in the treatment of old schizophrenic patients

YUAN Guo-feng, YU Yu-li

2011, 16(3):  304-308. 

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AIM: To explore the efficacy and the electrocardiogram abnormality of olanzapine or risperidon in the treatment of old schizophrenic patients.METHODS: 120 patients with old schizophrenia were randomly divided into olanzapine group (60 cases) and risperidon group(60 cases) treated for 8 weeks. The efficacy was measured with the positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS) and PANSS and the electrocardiogram test was used to evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects respectively before and at the ends of 2,4,6,8 weeks of treatment. The amount and information of electrocardiogram abnormality were analyzed.RESULTS: The efficacy rate of olanzapine was 78.3%,in which 56.7% was improved markedly. The efficacy rate of risperidon was 75.0%, in which 51.7% were improved markedly. There were no difference between two groups(P>0.05). There were significant differences on extrapyramidal side effect and liver function between them. At the 2nd week, the efficacy of olanzapine was more than that of the risperidon(P<0.05). There were significant difference in electrocardiogram abnormality between olanzapine group and risperidon group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: There are no significant differences in the efficacy and the electrocardiogram abnormality between two groups. Olanzapine has less side-effect especially. The two drugs adapt to old schizophrenic.

Effects of analgesia with parecoxib combined morphine on patient controlled analgesia and pulmonary function in patients after abdominal opertion

SUN Li-xin, CONG Li, SHI Fei, WANG Ming-shan

2011, 16(3):  308-312. 

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AIM: To investigate effects of analgesia with parecoxib combined morphine on patient controlled analgesia and pulmonary function in patients after abdominal opertion.METHODS: Fifty patients were randomly allocated to Parecoxib group (group P, n=25) and Morphine group (group M, n=25). Both group received PCA with morphine (1 mg/mL) . Group P received intravenous parecoxib 40 mg while the PCA pump beginning, 12,24 and 48 h after the first dose. Group M received intravenous normal saline at the same four point. The following indexes were recorded at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after the PCA pumps were used: VAS scores of pain, sedation score, demanded delivery, effective delivery, drug dose, and side effects. To compare parameters of pulmonary function in postoperative 24,48 and 72 h between the two groups.RESULTS: Compared with group M , there were significant decreases in VAS scores of pain at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours after the PCA pumps were used(P<0.05). Sedation score, demanded delivery, effective delivery and drug dose in group P were obviously lower than those in group M(P<0.05). The incidence rate of nausea in group P was obviously lower than that in group M(P<0.05). FVC% and FEV1% were significantly higher in postoperative 24 and 48 h in treatment group than those in control group (P<0.05). PaCO₂ were significantly lower in postoperative 24 h in treatment group than that in control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Parecoxib can relief pain in patient after abdominal opertion safely and efficiently, reduce the morphine consumption and improve pulmonary function.

Effects of Idine-131 therapy of Graves disease and some correlative factors

XIE Yan, WU Ke-fang, LUO Fu-rong, XU Quan-feng, YANG Jun, HUANG Zhi-hui, WANG Chao-qun, CHENG Guang-hua

2011, 16(3):  313-316. 

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AIM: To retrospectively analysis the clinical effect of ¹³¹I therapy of Graves disease and some correlative factors.METHODS: The effects of some factors which including gender,age,thyroid weight and ¹³¹I dose on the cure rate and the incidence rate of hypothyroidism were observed,through the follow-up of 406 cases between 12 and 29 months of ¹³¹I therapy of patients with Graves disease in our hospital.RESULTS: 406 patients,the follow-up showed that the therapy was recovered in 248(61.08%),effective 155(38.18%),became hypothyroidism in 118(29.06%),failure in 3(0.74%).Totally, 99.26% patients were responsed to the intervention.The gender and age were no significant difference to the incidence rate of hypothyroidism and cure rate after ¹³¹I in the initial treatment of Graves disease(P>0.05). Thyroid weight and dose of ¹³¹I showed significant difference to the incidence rate of hypothyroidism and cure rate(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Idine-131 therapy is preffered for patients with graves disease because of being efficient,convenient and secure. The difference of thyroid weight and dose of ¹³¹I do significant influence to the incidence rate of hypothyroidism and cure rate.

Clinical investigation of ACE inhibitor combined with calcium antagonist on the patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension and it's effect on the serum uric acid level

WU Yan

2011, 16(3):  317-321. 

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AIM: To compare the clinical effect of combination of captopri with amlodipine and monotherapy of amlodipine, and the influence on the serum uric acid level.METHODS: 80 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension were selected and divided into two groups. 40 patients of the study group were treated with captopri (25 mg/capsule, bid) and amlodipine (5 mg, q.d.) for 8 weeks, 40 patients of the control group were treated with amlodipin (5 mg, q.d.) for 8 weeks. The efficacy of both groups was evaluated by comparing the variance of blood pressure and serum uric acid.RESULTS: The blood pressure of the combined therapy was decreased from (98±7)mm Hg to(92±8) mm Hg after 4 weeks and to (86±11)mm Hg after 8 weeks, the difference is statistically significant (P<0.05). The blood pressure of the monotherapy group was (96±8) mm Hg, which is not statistically significant different from (95±7) mm Hg after 4 weeks. The blood pressure of the monotherapy group was (90±8)mmHg after 8 weeks, which is significantly different from (96±8) mm Hg (P<0.05). The decreased extent of the combined therapy group was significantly different from the monotherapy group. The serum uric acid of the two groups were decreased and the decreased extent of the combined therapy was significant than that of monotherapy group.CONCLUSION: The combined therapy for the mild to moderate essential hypertension is an effective strategy and can protect the organ.

Clinical observation on benzalkonium bromide solution preventing skin wound healing and scar treatment

GU Jia-fu, JIN Ji-zhong

2011, 16(3):  322-324. 

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AIM: To observe 0.1% benzalkonium bromide solution on the prevention and treatment of skin wound healing and scar treatment.METHODS: 974 cases of trauma were randomly divided into treatment group and control group each for 487 cases. 0.5% of the complex with iodine solution was used for skin disinfection. 3% hydrogen peroxide solution, 0.9% sodium chloride injection, 0.1% benzalkonium bromide solution were continuously used to clean the wound. The 0.1% benzalkonium bromide solution was wet compressed after suture with bandage wounds, once every 2 days to wound healing in treatment group. 3% hydrogen peroxide solution and 0.9% sodium chloride injection were used to clear the wound in the control group, then bandage usually.The long-term healing scar of two groups were observed.RESULTS: The Vancouver scar scale of two groups had significantly difference in 12 months after skin wound healing, the treatment group was lower.CONCLUSION: 0.1% benzalkonium bromide solution has preventive effect on the skin and scar formation after wound healing.

Clinical analysis on 80 patients with large area cerebral infarction of secondary temperature increased and recent prognosis relationship

CHENG Ye-dong

2011, 16(3):  325-327. 

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AIM: To explore the relationship of patients with large area cerebral infarction with secondary fervescence and recent prognosis.METHODS: According to the temperature, 200 patients with large area cerebral infarction were divided into fever group( T≥37.5 ℃,80 cases) and non-fever group(T＜37.5 ℃,120 cases) . The incidence rate and case fatality rate of multiple organ failure (MOF) and cerebral hernia, the concomitant disease and infection within 3 months were analyzed.RESULTS: The incidence rates and case fatality rates of MOF, cerebral hernia and diabetes in fever group obviously higher than those got fever onset after 7-14 d.CONCLUSION: Large area cerebral infarction of secondary temperature increase is easily happened in patients with diabetes. The MOF is easily happened in patients got fever in 7 d with high mortality. It is a factor of recent poor prognosis.

Emergent interventional embolization therapy in patients with artery bleeding

ZHANG Jun, XIE Ya-min, WU Cui-ling, WU Ke-wei

2011, 16(3):  327-330. 

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AIM: To investigate the clinical value of using the emergent interventional embolization therapy in patients with artery bleeding.METHODS: Seventeen cases of artery bleeding were performed emergent angiography, and then treated by gelatin sponge and coils according to different localization and causes of bleeding. RESULTS: The angiographic appearance of 17 cases were local abnormal vessels,extravasation of the contrast medium. In view of the different bleeding organs by different methods, bleeds stops immediately after the embolism.CONCLUSION: The interventional embolization therapy is a safe and effective hemostatic method,and has a very important clinical value.

Effects of butyphthalide on the thickness of the intracarotid-midcarotid membrane and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein(hsCRP)of ederly patients with hypertension

LI Shan-ping, LI Hao-xia, WU Xiao-qiang

2011, 16(3):  331-333. 

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AIM: To observe the effects of butyphthalide on the thickness of the intracarotid-midcarotid membrane(IMT) and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein(hsCRP)of elderly patients with hypertension.METHODS: Sixty elderly patients with hypertension were randomly divided into the comparison group (n=30)and treatment group(n=30). Comparison group was given hypotensive agent regularly with 100 mg/d aspirin.Treatment group was given the same medication as the comparison group and 20 mg butyphthalide (two time a day) as well.Both groups are monitored for 6 months.The IMT and hsCRP of those sixty patients with hypotension are measured before and after the trial.RESULTS: After the trial, the IMT and hsCRP in treatment group were significantly lower than those in comparison group.There was no statistical difference(P<0.01).CONCLUSION: Butyphthalide can inhibit the growth of IMT and inflammatory reaction. It can also delay the development of atherosclerosis.

Pharmacogenetics in breast cancer: hormone therapy and chemotherapy

WU Hui-zi, LIU Jie

2011, 16(3):  334-340. 

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Pharmacogenetics studies have rapidly developed with the completion of the Human Genome Project and rapid progress of high throughput genetic testing technology. More and more research achievements in pharmacogenetics have found its way in clinical application. Pharmacogenetics aims to find the association between genetic variability and drug efficacy and adverse effects then finally provide theoretical foundation for tailored therapy. Breast cancer is a global health problem and its incidence has been increasing in recent years. CYP2D6 has proved to be one of pharmacogenetics factors of influencing the anti-breast cancer drug tamoxifen. This article reviews the variance of genetic factors that contribute to the individual difference of anti-breast cancer drugs response.

Free radical scavenging mechanism of edaravone and its clinical application

MA Li-ping, SUN Jian-guo, PENG Ying, WANG Guang-ji

2011, 16(3):  341-348. 

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Researches certified that overproduction of free radicals has been implicated in many human diseases , as excessive free radicals damage biomacromole- cules such as lipids ,protein and DNA , leading to deleterious effect of the body. Edaravone, a potent free radical scavenger, has been approved in Japan for the treatment of acute cerebral infarction since April 2001. This review illustrated the hypothetical free radical-scavenging mechanism of edaravone and summarized the research progress of edaravone in treating many human diseases. The protective effect of edaravone in treating ischemic/reperfusion injury in many organs( brain, heart et al), neurodegenerative diseases(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease et al), epilepsy, atherosclerosis, hepatic fibrosis and pulmonary fibrosis diseases, rheumatoid arthritis and sudden hearing loss are described in this review, which may provide reference for the novel clinical application of edaravone in future.

Progress of dexmedetomidine in clinical applications

CAI Chang, GUO Jian-rong

2011, 16(3):  349-353. 

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Dexmedetomidine is a potent and highly selective α₂-adrenoceptor agonist that has been shown to have both sedative and analgesic effects.It has been successfully used in the neurosurgery,for premedication,as an adjunct to general anesthesia and in the treatment of drug withdraw.This review focuses on the advances of dexmedetomidine in clinical applications.

Preclinical pharmacology research of oxiracetam

JIN Lei, LI Bo, YE Lei, CAI Yun-Hong, RONG Zu-Yuan

2011, 16(3):  354-360. 

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It has been more than 20 years since the birth of nootropic drug oxiracetam, extensive and deep research has been focused on its pharmacological features in china and abroad. As a general pharmacologically inactive and non-toxic cognition enhancer, it possesses good pharmacokinetics characteristics. The pharmacological effects of oxiracetam include the improvement of learning and memory and neuroprotective function. The mechanism of its action may involve: the effect on central acetylcholine system and the interaction between other neurotransmitter systems associated with cognition (such as glutamate system, monoamine neurotransmitter system) and the cholinergic system, induction and maintenance of LTP, activation of protein kinase C, promotion of brain metabolism, the impact of peripheral steroid hormones, etc.